Turbulence theory and applications: an adaptive wavelet approach

我们的世界基本上是流动的。地球表面的70%被水覆盖，而我们生活在1000公里厚的大气层底部。生命本身取决于我们动脉和静脉中的血液循环。我们的技术和福祉依赖于操纵或在液体中移动的机器。我们依靠高效的天气和气候预报。这些流体通常是湍流的：表面上看起来是混沌的，但也包含着巨大的连贯漩涡。例如暴风雨，飞机机翼上的流动，大型建筑物周围的风，以及心脏的血液流动。尽管湍流在自然界和技术中无处不在，但人们对它们知之甚少：仍然没有湍流理论。我们甚至不知道如何在计算机上准确地计算强湍流。

Our world is mostly moving fluid. Seventy percent of the earth's surface is covered in water, and we live at the bottom of an atmosphere 1 000 km thick. Life itself depends on blood circulation in our arteries and veins. Our technology and well-being depends on machines that manipulate or move through fluids. We rely on efficient weather and climate prediction. These fluids are usually turbulent: seemingly chaotic, but also containing large coherent vortices. Examples include storms, flow over aircraft wings, wind blowing around large buildings, and blood flow through the heart. Although turbulent flows are ubiquitous in nature and technology, they are poorly understood: there is still no theory of turbulence. We do not even know how to accurately calculate strongly turbulent flows on a computer.