Portable Observatories for Lithospheric Analysis and Research Investigating (POLARIS)

用于岩石圈分析和研究的便携式观测站 (POLARIS)

• 批准号: 365551-2009
• 负责人: Motazedian, Dariush
• 金额: $ 11.35万
• 依托单位: Carleton University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Major Resources Support Program - Infrastructure
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2012-01-01 至 2013-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=504777
• 关键词: Portable; Observatories; Lithospheric; Analysis; Research

POLARIS (Portable Observatories for Lithospheric Analysis and Research Investigating Seismicity) is a major national research infrastructure that consists of satellite-linked arrays of portable geophysical observatories. These state-of-the-art observatories enable Canadian scientists to probe Earth's interior with unprecedented resolution, enabling innovative studies of Earth structure and dynamics, and improving our knowledge of earthquake and geomagnetic hazards. POLARIS deployments include 100 satellite-linked broadband seismograph systems, 10 with continuous-recording magnetotelluric (MT) devices, plus an inventory of more than 70 portable MT and seismic observatories for campaign-style investigations. These systems record ground motions and electromagnetic signals that reveal the geophysical characteristics of the subsurface. Data from POLARIS observatories are transmitted via satellite to acquisition centres in London (Canada) and Ottawa, where they are made available in near real-time to researchers across Canada. The improved imaging capability of POLARIS, combined with innovative interpretive techniques, lays the groundwork for breakthroughs and significant economic benefits for Canada in several geoscience disciplines. Our fledgling diamond industry, already adding millions of dollars to the national economy per year, exploits POLARIS-led advances, since diamonds are formed in the deep roots of continents; a clearer understanding of their journey to the surface could have economic implications in the multi-billion dollar range. Potential losses in the event of a large earthquake near a major urban centre in Canada could have a similar economic impact, not to mention the potential loss of life. Dangers are significantly reduced through knowledge of earthquake risk, a prerequisite for mitigation. Because ground motions are monitored in near-real time, information on earthquake motions and damage potential is available within minutes of an earthquake occurrence.

POLARIS（用于岩石圈分析和研究调查地震活动的便携式观测站）是一个主要的国家研究基础设施，由与卫星相连的便携式地球物理观测站阵列组成。这些最先进的天文台使加拿大科学家能够以前所未有的分辨率探测地球内部，使地球结构和动力学的创新研究成为可能，并提高我们对地震和地磁危害的认识。POLARIS部署包括100个卫星连接的宽带地震仪系统，10个连续记录大地电磁（MT）设备，以及70多个便携式大地电磁和地震观测站的库存，用于战役式调查。这些系统记录地表运动和电磁信号，揭示地下的地球物理特征。来自POLARIS观测站的数据通过卫星传输到伦敦（加拿大）和渥太华的采集中心，在那里它们几乎实时地提供给加拿大各地的研究人员。POLARIS改进的成像能力，结合创新的解释技术，为加拿大在几个地球科学学科的突破和显著的经济效益奠定了基础。我们羽翼未丰的钻石工业每年已经为国民经济增加了数百万美元，它利用了由北极星主导的进步，因为钻石是在大陆的深处形成的；更清楚地了解它们的地表之旅可能会产生数十亿美元的经济影响。如果加拿大主要城市中心附近发生大地震，潜在的损失可能会产生类似的经济影响，更不用说潜在的生命损失了。通过了解地震风险，大大减少了危险，这是减灾的先决条件。由于地面运动是近实时监测的，地震运动和潜在破坏的信息在地震发生后几分钟内就可以获得。