Behaviour of healthy versus symptomatic diarthrodial joints

健康与有症状的关节的行为

• 批准号: 355431-2008
• 负责人: Adeeb, Samer
• 金额: $ 1.31万
• 依托单位: University of Alberta
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2012-01-01 至 2013-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=504824
• 关键词: Behaviour; healthy; versus; symptomatic; diarthrodial

Diarthrodial joints are the site of articulation of two bones against each other (e.g. knee, hip and shoulder). The integrity of diarthrodial joints is an important factor for maintaining healthy lifestyles for individuals. There are different passive load bearing components for diarthrodial joints. Ligaments limit the allowed relative motions between the bones and act as sensors for excessive joint deformations. Articular cartilage transfers the compressive load between the two articulating surfaces. The fluid of the joint helps maintain a very low coefficient of friction and finally peripheral structures (meniscus, glenoid labrum and acetabular labrum in the knee, shoulder and hip respectively) confine the joint and enhance load bearing across the joint. The current proposal is divided into two subgroups. The first is the study of the mechanical properties of and the structural requirements for the healthy components of diarthrodial joints and comparing them with those of symptomatic ones. The dependence of the mechanical properties on age will also be investigated. The design and repair criteria for different diarthrodial joints components will be examined. The second subgroup is the study of the global behaviour of different healthy versus unhealthy joints. Numerical modelling will be conducted via finite element analysis software. The geometry will be imported using digital image analysis software that are capable of transferring stacks of two dimensional images into three dimensional objects. The role of the different components in load transmission across healthy versus symptomatic joints will be investigated. The location and magnitude of the contact pressure between articulating surfaces will be analyzed. The dependence of the results on the ranges of material properties available in the literature will be studied to understand the repeatability of the results. The mechanics governing the load transmission and the health and stability of such joints will be evaluated. The long term objective of the project is to be able to reach to a level where computational mechanics can be effectively used to aid the diagnosis and repair recommendations for patient specific cases.

腹股沟关节是两块骨骼(如膝盖、髋关节和肩部)相互连接的部位。腹股沟关节的完整性是维持个人健康生活方式的重要因素。腹股沟关节有不同的被动承重部件。韧带限制骨骼之间允许的相对运动，并充当关节过度变形的传感器。关节软骨在两个关节面间传递压缩载荷。关节的液体有助于保持非常低的摩擦系数，最后是外围结构(分别位于膝盖、肩部和髋部的半月板、肩袖和髋臼唇)限制关节并增强关节的承重。目前的提案分为两个小组。一是研究腹泻型关节健康部件的力学性能和结构要求，并与有症状的部件进行比较。还将研究力学性能对年龄的依赖关系。将审查不同腹股沟组件的设计和维修标准。第二个小组是对不同健康和不健康关节的全球行为的研究。数值模拟将通过有限元分析软件进行。几何图形将使用数字图像分析软件导入，该软件能够将堆叠的二维图像转换为三维对象。将研究不同成分在健康关节和有症状关节之间的负荷传递中的作用。分析了铰接面之间接触压力的位置和大小。将研究结果对文献中可用材料性质范围的依赖性，以了解结果的重复性。将对控制载荷传递的力学以及此类关节的健康和稳定性进行评估。该项目的长期目标是能够达到能够有效地使用计算力学来帮助诊断和修复针对患者特定病例的建议的水平。