Regulation of secretion, exocytosis and membrane fusion by vesicular lipids

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Many molecules (e.g. hormones) that are secreted by cells for communications between cells are packaged into small vesicles (each surrounded by a lipid membrane that includes lots of cholesterol) within the cell. The secretion of the packaged signaling molecules from a cell involves the fusion of the vesicle with the cell's surface (which is also surrounded by a lipid membrane whose density of cholesterol is about 1/3 that of the vesicular membrane); this process starts with the formation of a very small pore that connects the inside of a vesicle with the cell's surface.