Surfactants and their applications in nanoparticle synthesis and drug delivery systems

大多数人都知道油和水不能混合。取一汤匙食用油，将其放入一杯水中，看看会发生什么。然而，可以使用另一种物质使油和水混合；事实上，这就是我们制作蛋黄酱时所做的。这个过程称为乳化，是某些称为表面活性剂（表面活性剂）的物质的主要用途。这些材料同时具有亲水（亲水）和憎水（疏水）特性。表面活性剂被配制到大量消费品中，例如洗发水、洗衣粉和餐具洗涤剂，并且与工业生产的许多方面密切相关。表面活性剂的乳化和工业应用主要集中于使水不溶性材料可溶和/或从表面“提升”油性材料的能力。尽管用途广泛且多种多样，但许多常见的表面活性剂具有相同的基本化学结构。我们的研究项目涉及合成具有独特化学结构的新型表面活性剂，可能使它们在商业配方中表现更好，同时对环境造成的破坏更小。目前我们正致力于合成具有优异的硬水耐受性（在硬水中无肥皂浮渣和良好的起泡能力）和优异的洗涤性能的表面活性剂。我们还将把注意力转向环保洗涤剂和干洗工艺新材料的生产和表征。这些最终可能会带来新的配方和新产品，在消费应用中具有卓越的清洁性能，在工业配方中具有更好的乳化剂。

Most people know that oil and water do not mix. Take a tablespoon of cooking oil and place it in a glass of water and see what happens. However, it is possible to make a mixture of oil and water mix by using another substance; in fact, that is what we do when we make mayonnaise. This process, called emulsification, is a primary use of certain substances called surfactants (for surface active agents). These materials possess both water loving (hydrophilic) and water-hating (hydrophobic) characteristics. Surfactants are formulated into a vast array of consumer products such as shampoos, laundry detergents, and dish detergents, and are intimately involved in a number of facets of industrial production. Emulsification and industrial applications of surfactants are mainly focused on the ability to make water insoluble materials soluble, and/or 'lift' oily materials from surfaces. Despite the wide and varied usage, many common surfactants have the same basic chemical structure. Our research program deals with the synthesis of new surfactants that have unique chemical structures, possibly making them perform better in commercial formulations with less damaging consequences to the environment. We are currently focusing our efforts on synthesizing surfactants that have superior hard water tolerance (no soap scum and good foaming ability in hard water) and excellent detergent properties. We will also be turning our attention to the production and characterization of new materials for environmentally friendly detergents and dry cleaning processes. These may eventually lead to new formulations and new products that have superior cleansing properties in consumer applications and better emulsifiers for industrial formulation.