A comprehensive ergonomic industrial workstation design based on anthropometry, human strength and cognitive engineering

基于人体测量学、人体力量和认知工程学的全面人体工学工业工作站设计

• 批准号: 6746-2011
• 负责人: Das, Biman
• 金额: $ 1.38万
• 依托单位: Dalhousie University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2012-01-01 至 2013-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=508900
• 关键词: comprehensive; ergonomic; industrial; workstation; design

An ergonomic industrial workstation is designed to improve worker productivity and reduce over-exertion injuries. A comprehensive ergonomic industrial workstation design methodology based on anthropometry, human strength and cognitive engineering will be devleoped, especially for multiple or team of operators engaged in performing industrial tasks. The research will be performed in industry (Pratt and Whitney, Halifax, Canada). Based on this case study, a generalized methodology will be developed. The steps that will be followed are: (1) job analysis - work observation and activity sampling, (2) work design analysis - use of graphical charts, (3) link analysis - involving communication, control and movement links, (4) ergonomic analysis - anthropometry: adequate posture, work height, reach areas/envelopes, lateral clearance and visual requirements; human strength: operator strength capability and determination of strength profile; cognitive engineering or cognitive task analysis: cognition and performance of individuals and teams, systematic observation of operator's actions and relation to the components of the work system, (5) use of existing and newly developed anthropometric and human strength data for performing industrial tasks. Experimental research will be performed to determine human strength for paraplegic male and female populations. The research methodology has already been developed. This research will be extended to determine human strength of able-bodied population in the confined workspaces comprising of supine, stooping, squatting and kneeling postures. A new ergonomic wheelchair with unique propulsion system, Das Ergonomic Wheelchair or DEW was designed, constructed and tested successfully. The propulsion system was invented to convert the reciprocating push-pull horizontal motion, generating a horizontal force into a rotational force in the rear wheels. The redesign of the manual wheelchair will substantially reduce the excessive stress/strain on the shoulders, elbows and wrists and improve human efficiency. Further research will be conducted to improve the propulsion system and market research is in progress to explore commercialization possibility.

人体工程学工业工作站旨在提高工人的工作效率，减少过度劳累伤害。将开发一种基于人体测量学、人力学和认知工程学的全面人机工程学工业工作站设计方法，特别是针对从事工业任务的多个或多个操作员。这项研究将在工业中进行(加拿大哈利法克斯的普拉特和惠特尼)。在此案例研究的基础上，将开发一种通用的方法。将遵循的步骤是：(1)工作分析--工作观察和活动抽样；(2)工作设计分析--使用图表；(3)链接分析--包括通信、控制和运动链接；(4)人体工程学分析--人体测量学：适当的姿势、工作高度、到达区域/围栏、横向净空和视觉要求；人力：操作员的能力和力量概况的确定；认知工程学或认知任务分析：个人和团队的认知和表现，对操作员的行为和与工作系统组成部分的关系的系统观察，(5)使用现有的和新开发的人体测量和人体力量数据来执行工业任务。将进行实验研究，以确定截瘫男性和女性人群的人体力量。研究方法已经形成。这项研究将扩展到确定包括仰卧、弯腰、蹲下和跪下姿势在内的受限工作空间中健全人群的人体力量。一种具有独特推进系统的新型人体工学轮椅--DAS人体工学轮椅或称露水--设计、建造和测试成功。发明推进系统是为了将往复式推拉水平运动转化为后轮的旋转力。手动轮椅的重新设计将大幅减少肩部、肘部和手腕的过度压力/应变，提高人类的效率。将进行进一步的研究来改进推进系统，市场研究正在进行中，以探索商业化的可能性。