A comprehensive ergonomic industrial workstation design based on anthropometry, human strength and cognitive engineering

基于人体测量学、人体力量和认知工程学的全面人体工学工业工作站设计

• 批准号: 6746-2011
• 负责人: Das, Biman
• 金额: $ 1.38万
• 依托单位: Dalhousie University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2012-01-01 至 2013-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=508900
• 关键词: comprehensive; ergonomic; industrial; workstation; design

An ergonomic industrial workstation is designed to improve worker productivity and reduce over-exertion injuries. A comprehensive ergonomic industrial workstation design methodology based on anthropometry, human strength and cognitive engineering will be devleoped, especially for multiple or team of operators engaged in performing industrial tasks. The research will be performed in industry (Pratt and Whitney, Halifax, Canada). Based on this case study, a generalized methodology will be developed. The steps that will be followed are: (1) job analysis - work observation and activity sampling, (2) work design analysis - use of graphical charts, (3) link analysis - involving communication, control and movement links, (4) ergonomic analysis - anthropometry: adequate posture, work height, reach areas/envelopes, lateral clearance and visual requirements; human strength: operator strength capability and determination of strength profile; cognitive engineering or cognitive task analysis: cognition and performance of individuals and teams, systematic observation of operator's actions and relation to the components of the work system, (5) use of existing and newly developed anthropometric and human strength data for performing industrial tasks. Experimental research will be performed to determine human strength for paraplegic male and female populations. The research methodology has already been developed. This research will be extended to determine human strength of able-bodied population in the confined workspaces comprising of supine, stooping, squatting and kneeling postures. A new ergonomic wheelchair with unique propulsion system, Das Ergonomic Wheelchair or DEW was designed, constructed and tested successfully. The propulsion system was invented to convert the reciprocating push-pull horizontal motion, generating a horizontal force into a rotational force in the rear wheels. The redesign of the manual wheelchair will substantially reduce the excessive stress/strain on the shoulders, elbows and wrists and improve human efficiency. Further research will be conducted to improve the propulsion system and market research is in progress to explore commercialization possibility.

符合人体工程学的工业工作站旨在提高工人生产力并减少过度劳累伤害。 将开发基于人体测量学、人体力量和认知工程的全面的人体工学工业工作站设计方法，特别是针对从事工业任务的多个或团队操作员。 该研究将在工业界进行（普惠公司，哈利法克斯，加拿大）。 基于此案例研究，将开发一种通用方法。 接下来的步骤是：（1）工作分析——工作观察和活动抽样，（2）工作设计分析——图形图表的使用，（3）链接分析——涉及沟通、控制和运动链接，（4）人体工程学分析——人体测量：适当的姿势、工作高度、触及区域/范围、横向间隙和视觉要求；人体力量：操作者的力量能力和力量概况的确定；认知工程或认知任务分析：个人和团队的认知和表现，系统观察操作员的行为以及与工作系统组成部分的关系，（5）使用现有和新开发的人体测量和人体力量数据来执行工业任务。 将进行实验研究以确定截瘫男性和女性人群的人体力量。 研究方法已经开发出来。 这项研究将扩大到确定在有限的工作空间（包括仰卧、弯腰、蹲下和跪着的姿势）中身体健全的人群的人体力量。 一款具有独特推进系统的新型人体工学轮椅 Das Ergonomic Wheelchair 或 DEW 已成功设计、建造和测试。 推进系统的发明是为了将往复推拉水平运动转化为后轮产生的水平力。 手动轮椅的重新设计将大大减少肩膀、肘部和手腕上的过度压力/劳损，提高人类效率。 将进行进一步的研究以改进推进系统，并且正在进行市场研究以探索商业化的可能性。