A comprehensive ergonomic industrial workstation design based on anthropometry, human strength and cognitive engineering

基于人体测量学、人体力量和认知工程学的全面人体工学工业工作站设计

• 批准号: 6746-2011
• 负责人: Das, Biman
• 金额: $ 1.38万
• 依托单位: Dalhousie University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2013-01-01 至 2014-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=520953
• 关键词: comprehensive; ergonomic; industrial; workstation; design

An ergonomic industrial workstation is designed to improve worker productivity and reduce over-exertion injuries. A comprehensive ergonomic industrial workstation design methodology based on anthropometry, human strength and cognitive engineering will be devleoped, especially for multiple or team of operators engaged in performing industrial tasks. The research will be performed in industry (Pratt and Whitney, Halifax, Canada). Based on this case study, a generalized methodology will be developed. The steps that will be followed are: (1) job analysis - work observation and activity sampling, (2) work design analysis - use of graphical charts, (3) link analysis - involving communication, control and movement links, (4) ergonomic analysis - anthropometry: adequate posture, work height, reach areas/envelopes, lateral clearance and visual requirements; human strength: operator strength capability and determination of strength profile; cognitive engineering or cognitive task analysis: cognition and performance of individuals and teams, systematic observation of operator's actions and relation to the components of the work system, (5) use of existing and newly developed anthropometric and human strength data for performing industrial tasks. Experimental research will be performed to determine human strength for paraplegic male and female populations. The research methodology has already been developed. This research will be extended to determine human strength of able-bodied population in the confined workspaces comprising of supine, stooping, squatting and kneeling postures. A new ergonomic wheelchair with unique propulsion system, Das Ergonomic Wheelchair or DEW was designed, constructed and tested successfully. The propulsion system was invented to convert the reciprocating push-pull horizontal motion, generating a horizontal force into a rotational force in the rear wheels. The redesign of the manual wheelchair will substantially reduce the excessive stress/strain on the shoulders, elbows and wrists and improve human efficiency. Further research will be conducted to improve the propulsion system and market research is in progress to explore commercialization possibility.

符合人体工程学的工业工作站旨在提高工人的生产力，减少过度劳累造成的伤害。 基于人体测量学、人体力量和认知工程学的综合性人机工程学工业工作站设计方法将被开发，特别是针对从事工业任务的多个或团队操作员。 研究将在行业内进行（Pratt and Whitney，哈利法克斯，加拿大）。 根据这一案例研究，将制定一个通用的方法。 将遵循的步骤是：（1）工作分析-工作观察和活动抽样，（2）工作设计分析-使用图表，（3）联系分析-涉及通信、控制和运动联系，（4）人体工程学分析-人体测量学：适当的姿势、工作高度、可及区域/范围、横向间隙和视觉要求;人力：操作员力量能力和力量分布的确定;认知工程或认知任务分析：个人和团队的认知和表现，操作员行为的系统观察以及与工作系统组件的关系，（5）使用现有和新开发的人体测量和人力数据来执行工业任务。 将进行实验研究，以确定截瘫男性和女性人群的人力。 研究方法已经形成。 本研究将延伸至健康人在受限空间中，包括仰卧、弯腰、蹲下及跪下姿势之力量测定。 一种新型的具有独特推进系统的人体工程学轮椅，Das人体工程学轮椅或DEW被设计、建造和测试成功。 推进系统的发明是为了将往复推拉水平运动转换成后轮的旋转力，从而产生水平力。 手动轮椅的重新设计将大大减少肩部、肘部和手腕的过度压力/应变，并提高人类效率。 将进行进一步研究以改进推进系统，并正在进行市场研究以探索商业化的可能性。