"Time-nested acclimation to excitation pressure: the transcriptome, proteome and phosphoproteome"

地球上几乎所有生物的最终能量来源都是阳光。植物和藻类的叶绿体通过吸收、捕获和转化这种光能将二氧化碳还原为复杂的碳水化合物，在将所有其他生物与太阳联系起来的过程中起着至关重要的作用。这需要将极快的、温度不敏感的光化学反应与消耗这些能量的慢得多的、依赖温度的新陈代谢过程结合起来，以捕获能量。因此，光合作用的生物体容易表现出细胞能量收支的失衡，这种失衡可以在体内量化为激发压(EP)。细胞能量收支问题的巧妙解决方案反映了光合作用的部分魔力，是植物和藻类动态能力的结果，它们能够根据不断变化的环境重新调整光合作用装置的结构和功能，以便通过最小化EP来维持能量平衡。我的研究计划的长期目标是阐明植物和藻类感知和响应由于环境光温条件变化而导致的EP短期变化的分子基础，并随着时间的推移整合这些信息，以重塑光合作用装置，并在长期、稳定的驯化和适应EP期间产生表型变化。这项拟议的研究将确定存在于叶绿体中的EP潜在分子传感器的性质和数量，以及这些传感器不仅改变模式植物拟南芥的光合作用装置的结构，还改变其表型的机制(S)。这将与利用一种新型的、冷适应的、非模式的南极绿藻--衣藻UWO241独特的光合作用装置的研究相结合，以阐明它调节光合作用电子流以调节EP的动态机制。这项拟议的研究将改变我们对光合作用装置的结构和功能的传统看法，不仅是作为一个动态的全球细胞能量传感器，而且作为一个动态的能量转换器。

The ultimate source of the energy for almost all organisms on this planet is sunlight. The chloroplasts of plants and algae are crucial in linking all other living organisms to the sun through the ability to absorb, trap, and transform this light energy to reduce CO2 to complex carbohydrates. This requires the integration of extremely fast, temperature-insensitive photochemical reactions to trap the energy with much slower, temperature-dependent metabolic processes that consume this energy. As a consequence, photosynthetic organisms are predisposed to exhibit an imbalance in cellular energy budget which can be quantified in vivo as excitation pressure (EP). Exquisite solutions to the problem of cellular energy budget reflect part of the magic of photosynthesis and are the result of the dynamic capacity of plants and algae to remodel the structure and function of the photosynthetic apparatus to an ever-changing environment in order to maintain an energy balance by minimizing EP. The long-term objective of my research programme is to elucidate the molecular basis by which plants and algae sense and respond to short-term changes in EP due to alterations in environmental light and temperature conditions and integrate this information over time to remodel the photosynthetic apparatus and generate a phenotypic change during long-term, steady-state acclimation and adaptation to EP. The proposed research will identify the nature and number of potential molecular sensors of EP present within chloroplasts and the mechanism(s) by which these sensors alter not only the structure of the photosynthetic apparatus but also the phenotype of the model plant, Arabidopsis thaliana. This will be combined with research that exploits the unique photosynthetic apparatus of a novel, cold-adapted, non-model, Antarctic green alga, Chlamydomonas raudensis UWO241, to elucidate the dynamic mechanism by which it regulates photosynthetic electron flow to modulate EP. The proposed research will alter our conventional view of the structure and function of the photosynthetic apparatus, not only as a dynamic global cellular energy sensor but also as a dynamic energy transformer.