Nonperturbative dynamics in the standard model and beyond

标准模型及其他模型中的非微扰动力学

• 批准号: 249560-2010
• 负责人: Miransky, Vladimir
• 金额: $ 4.01万
• 依托单位: University of Western Ontario
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Subatomic Physics Envelope - Individual
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2012-01-01 至 2013-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=514463
• 关键词: Nonperturbative; dynamics; standard; model; beyond

The Standard Model (SM) is the field theoretical framework for strong and electroweak interactions. The main unresolved problems in this theory [such as the mechanism of electroweak symmetry breaking, the mass spectrum of quarks and leptons, the confinement dynamics in quantum chromodynamics (QCD), and QCD dynamics at finite temperature and baryon density] are connected either with still unknown or poorly understood nonperturbative dynamics in quantum field theory. This project will be devoted to studies of nonperturbative dynamics in the following three directions. a) Dynamics in Relativistic Dense matter: It is expected that dense (and not very hot) quark matter can exist in the core of compact stars many of which possess very strong magnetic fields. Consequently, there is additional motivation to study the properties of dense relativistic matter, both with and without magnetic field, in full detail. b) Electroweak Symmetry Breaking and Fermion Masses: Electroweak symmetry breaking is intimately connected with another fundamental problem, the spectrum of mass of quarks and leptons. Since these problems will be the central quest in experimental studies at Large Hadron Collider (CERN), they are of the great theoretical and phenomenological value. I am planning to develop the approach in which the dynamics of the top quark and composite Higgs bosons play the central role. c) Applications of Quantum Field Theoretical Methods in Condensed Matter Systems: It is quite remarkable that relativistic field theories can serve as effective theories in such condensed matter systems as high-temperature superconductors and carbon-based materials, in particular, graphene, a single atomic layer of graphite. Because of potentially fruitful applications of these materials, their importance can be hardly overestimated. I am planning to continue the studies of condensed matter systems by using advanced methods developed in quantum field theory. The emphasis will be on studying the dynamics of graphene and its bilayer ``cousin", consisting of two closely connected graphene layers. The latter has a great potential for high-tech applications.

标准模型（SM）是强相互作用和电弱相互作用的场理论框架。该理论中未解决的主要问题[例如电弱对称性破缺的机制、夸克和轻子的质谱、量子色动力学（QCD）中的约束动力学以及有限温度和重子密度下的QCD动力学]要么与量子场论中仍然未知或知之甚少的非微扰动力学有关。该项目将致力于以下三个方向的非微扰动力学研究。 a) 相对论致密物质的动力学：预计致密恒星的核心中可能存在致密（且不是很热）的夸克物质，其中许多恒星拥有非常强的磁场。因此，有额外的动机来详细研究致密相对论物质的特性，无论有没有磁场。 b) 电弱对称破缺和费米子质量：电弱对称破缺与另一个基本问题（夸克和轻子的质量谱）密切相关。由于这些问题将成为大型强子对撞机（CERN）实验研究的中心任务，因此具有巨大的理论和现象学价值。我计划开发一种方法，其中顶夸克和复合希格斯玻色子的动力学发挥核心作用。 c）量子场论方法在凝聚态体系中的应用：值得注意的是，相对论场论可以在高温超导体和碳基材料，特别是石墨烯（石墨的单原子层）等凝聚态体系中作为有效的理论。由于这些材料的潜在富有成效的应用，它们的重要性怎么估计都不为过。我计划利用量子场论中开发的先进方法继续研究凝聚态系统。重点将是研究石墨烯及其双层“表亲”的动力学，双层“表亲”由两个紧密连接的石墨烯层组成。后者在高科技应用方面具有巨大潜力。