Respiratory and neurovascular adaptation to physiological stress

呼吸和神经血管对生理应激的适应

• 批准号: 249990-2012
• 负责人: Sheel, William
• 金额: $ 3.42万
• 依托单位: University of British Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2012-01-01 至 2013-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=514504
• 关键词: Respiratory; neurovascular; adaptation; physiological; stress

The heart, circulation, lungs, and chest wall all act together in a highly coordinated fashion. Studying each system in isolation can provide valuable information but examining how these systems act together provides a more comprehensive understanding of basic human physiology. The long-term goal of my research program is to understand how the respiratory and cardiovascular systems interact, respond and adapt to physiological stress and how biological sex affects these relationships. The importance of biological sex has been rarely considered when exploring cardiorespiratory interactions and important differences have now been identified. The proposed work is divided into three parts. Intermittent hypoxia, or repeated episodes of low oxygen, has unique effects on the control of breathing and the cardiovascular system. In Part I, the different components of cardiorespiratory regulation will be assessed in humans following exposure to two weeks of daily exposure to low oxygen. This is important to our understanding of how low levels of oxygen in the blood affect multiple biological systems. An important consequence of high levels of respiratory muscle work during exercise is that it affects blood flow to other muscles. In Part II, I will determine the controlling mechanisms by which blood flow is distributed to working muscles. Our knowledge of the mechanics of respiration during exercise is based on studies that have primarily used data from male subjects. Only recently have we begun to understand that the respiratory system and responses to exercise are fundamentally different between males and females. In Part III, I will explore sex-based differences in respiratory structure and function and seek to understand how this influences the physiology of exercise. The models used in the proposed work are an extension of my previously funded NSERC program of research. Trainees will benefit directly from them requested funds by receiving technical training and intellectual skill development. They will generate new knowledge and publish their findings in reputable scientific journals.

心脏、循环、肺和胸壁都以高度协调的方式共同作用。单独研究每个系统可以提供有价值的信息，但研究这些系统如何共同作用可以更全面地理解基本的人类生理学。我的研究计划的长期目标是了解呼吸系统和心血管系统如何相互作用、反应和适应生理压力，以及生物学上的性行为如何影响这些关系。在探索心肺相互作用时，很少考虑生物性别的重要性，现在已经确定了重要的差异。拟开展的工作分为三个部分。间歇性低氧或反复低氧对呼吸和心血管系统的控制有独特的影响。在第一部分中，将评估每天暴露在低氧环境下两周的人类心肺调节的不同组成部分。这对于我们理解血液中的低氧水平如何影响多种生物系统非常重要。运动中呼吸肌工作水平高的一个重要后果是它会影响流向其他肌肉的血液。在第二部分，我将确定血流分配到工作肌肉的控制机制。我们对运动过程中呼吸机制的了解是基于主要使用男性受试者数据的研究。直到最近，我们才开始了解到，男性和女性的呼吸系统和对运动的反应是根本不同的。在第三部分，我将探索基于性别的呼吸结构和功能的差异，并试图了解这是如何影响运动的生理学的。拟议工作中使用的模型是我之前资助的NSERC研究计划的扩展。受训人员将直接从他们申请的资金中受益，接受技术培训和智力技能发展。他们将产生新的知识，并将他们的发现发表在声誉良好的科学期刊上。