Regulation of source-sink development and leaf homeostasis in vascular plants that translocate monoterpenes as photo-assimilates in addition to sugars such as sucrose

除了蔗糖等糖之外，维管束植物还以光同化物形式转运单萜，对源库发育和叶片稳态的调节

• 批准号: 7188-2011
• 负责人: Grodzinski, Bernard
• 金额: $ 1.75万
• 依托单位: University of Guelph
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2013-01-01 至 2014-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=520990
• 关键词: Regulation; source; sink; development; leaf

Vascular plants are complex eukaryotes that are photoautotrophs. They are desirable bio-reactors because they offer a sustainable source of organic compounds essential to our survival and well being. Plants have evolved multiple survival mechanisms for dealing with environmental stress. Their spatial and temporal, phenotype plasticity is unique in biology as plants regulate energy flow, initially solar energy trapped by the photosynthetic canopy into stable and mobile forms of reduced C, N and S. A primary source of photoassimilates is the leaf canopy, but, during vegetative and reproductive cycles contrary to popular belief other organs also contribute photoassimilates. If we are to exploit plants as bio-reactors for traditional (e.g., food, starch, sugars, amino acids, vitamins, etc) and novel bio-products (e.g., fuel, pharmaceuticals) our understanding of assimilate fluxes from source organs/tissues to developing sinks must improve. For example, the forms of reduced-C that are translocated via vascular phloem vary depending on the environmental stress and status of canopy development. Source-sink interactions determine productivity yet metabolite fluxes remain one of poorest understood plant processes. Selecting genes that can be targeted by either classical breeding protocols or using molecular bio-technologies to improve productivity of herbaceous and woody crops requires quantification of transport fluxes. In the Biotron facilities at Guelph we have engineered new analytical tools that are required to quantify phenotype plasticity at the organism, organ and organelle levels. In this project we will test new breeding lines, novel ecotypes and transgenics each with different genetic abilities to synthesize and transport large amounts of newly reduced C as monoterpenes (glucose esters such iridoids) as well as the better recognized sugar disaccaride, sucrose. Of particular interest as a model botanical family is the "newly" reclassified botanic family, the Plantaginaceae. These will be compared to selected members of the Leguminosea and the Brassicaeae as we have an opportunity to also test how targeted genetic modification of leaf shape and sink respiratory activity has altered efflux of reduced-C from leaves.

血管植物是复杂的真核生物，是光自养生。它们是理想的生物反应者，因为它们为我们的生存和幸福提供了可持续的有机化合物来源。植物已经发展出多种生存机制来应对环境压力。由于植物调节能量流，它们在生物学中是独一无二的，它们最初被光合​​作用冠层捕获成稳定的和移动形式的C，N和S的稳定形式的太阳能是叶冠层的主要来源，但在营养和生殖周期中，与流行的信念相遇的其他光学光学的光学剂也是其他贡献光的光，也是其他贡献的光合物。如果我们要利用植物作为传统（例如食物，淀粉，糖，氨基酸，维生素等）和新型的生物产物（例如燃料，药品）的新型生物产物（例如，燃料，药品）的理解，我们对来自来源器官/组织的同化磁通的理解必须有所改善。例如，通过血管韧皮部易位的还原-C的形式因环境压力和冠层发育状态而异。 来源 - 链接相互作用决定了生产力，但代谢物通量仍然是最贫穷的植物过程之一。选择可以通过经典育种方案来靶向的基因或使用分子生物技术来提高草本和木本作物的生产力，需要量化转运通量。在Guelph的生物子基因设施中，我们设计了新的分析工具，这些工具可以量化有机体，器官和细胞器水平的表型可塑性。 在这个项目中，我们将测试新的繁殖线，新型生态型和转基因，每个繁殖能力具有不同的遗传能力，以合成和运输大量新还原C作为单苯二酚（葡萄糖酯）（例如虹膜生物样子）以及更好认识的糖二氧化药物，蔗糖。作为模型植物科特别感兴趣的是“新的”重新分类的植物科，植物科。这些将与豆科植物和甘蓝植物的选定成员进行比较，因为我们也有机会测试靶向遗传修饰的叶片形状和水槽呼吸活性如何改变了叶子的降低C的排出。