Maximize Energy Recovery from Waste Cells and Minimize GHG Emissions

最大限度地从废电池中回收能量并最大限度地减少温室气体排放

• 批准号: 122174-2012
• 负责人: Hettiaratchi, Patrick
• 金额: $ 2.48万
• 依托单位: University of Calgary
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2013-01-01 至 2014-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=522261
• 关键词: Maximize; Energy; Recovery; Waste; Cells

The proposed research program deals with two aspects; operation of waste cells as biocells, or in anaerobic and aerobic bioreactor modes and subsequent mining for recovery of resources and space; and methanotrophic biofiltration to control methane emissions form engineered and/or fugitive sources. The concept of biocell has originated, in part, from the realization that operation of "entombed" landfills for the sole objective of controlling groundwater contamination is not sustainable, and could be counter-productive in relation to landfill gas related problems (e.g., global warming caused by greenhouse gases such as methane) and resource (e.g. material and space) conservation. Although this sustainable waste processing approach has the potential to solve a number of environmental and social problems associated with conventional landfilling, a number of technical obstacles prevent its adoption in a large scale. In the past, we have conducted leading edge research to investigate the possibility of applying methanotrophy to control methane, a key greenhouse gas, into the atmosphere. Further research work will be conducted in this area to ensure this concept is converted to a technology to control both diffuse- and point-source emissions in developed and developing countries. Training of graduate student and other HQPs is a key component of this project, with more than 90% of the project funds used for this purpose. The proposed research will be undertaken by ten graduate students (seven PhD and four MSc), five Postdoctoral Fellows and several research associates/summer students. The HQPs are expected to complement their academic training with hands on experience and will go on to contribute richly to the Canadian knowledge and economy.

提出的研究方案涉及两个方面；将废电池作为生物电池，或在厌氧和好氧生物反应器模式下进行操作，并随后进行资源和空间回收的开采；甲烷营养生物过滤控制工程和/或逸散源的甲烷排放。生物电池的概念部分源于人们认识到，以控制地下水污染为唯一目标的“埋藏”垃圾填埋场的运作是不可持续的，并且可能与垃圾填埋气体相关的问题（例如，由甲烷等温室气体引起的全球变暖）和资源（例如材料和空间）保护相反。虽然这种可持续的废物处理方法有可能解决与传统填埋有关的一些环境和社会问题，但一些技术障碍阻碍了它的大规模采用。过去，我们开展了前沿研究，探讨应用甲烷氧化控制甲烷（一种关键的温室气体）进入大气的可能性。将在这一领域进行进一步的研究工作，以确保将这一概念转化为一种技术，以控制发达国家和发展中国家的漫射和点源排放。研究生和其他hqp的培养是本项目的关键组成部分，90%以上的项目资金用于此目的。这项研究将由10名研究生（7名博士和4名硕士）、5名博士后和几名研究助理/暑期学生进行。预计hqp将以实践经验补充他们的学术培训，并将继续为加拿大的知识和经济做出巨大贡献。