Developing a mechanistic model for performance prediction of low grade and upgraded coals in various utilization technologies using advanced characreization techniques

预计至少在未来20年，全球对煤炭的需求将大幅增加。这推动了低品位煤的利用。这些低品位煤具有一个或多个有问题的性质，如高灰分或高水分、高硫或高碱，或所有这些。有许多技术可以升级这些煤炭。这些方法可以包括蒸发干燥(使用废热)或非蒸发干燥(水热处理或热机械处理)，使用传统的泡沫浮选或使用空气重介质沸腾床的干洗来去除矿物，或者使用更复杂的化学清洗方法(溶剂提取)来完全清除灰分，使用强酸/碱洗来溶解几乎所有的灰分，或者使用有机溶剂来溶解所有的有机物，从而

The demand for coal worldwide is expected to increase significantly over next two decades at least. This is pushing the utilization of low grade coals more and more. These low grade coals have one or more problematic properties such as high ash content or high moisture or high sulfur or high alkalis or all of these. There are a number of technologies to upgrade these coals. These can include evaporative drying (using waste heat) or non-evaporative drying (hydrothermal treatment or thermo-mechanical expression), removing minerals using conventional froth floatation or dry cleaning using air dense medium fluidized bed or using much more complex methods of chemical cleaning (solvent extraction) of complete ash removal using a strong acid/base wash dissolving almost all the ash or using organic solvent to dissolving all the organic matter and thus