Spatial variability of soil nitrogen and phosphorus and assessment of nutrient use in rotation crops following pigs on an outdoor hog-rearing farm in Eastern Ontario

安大略省东部室外养猪场土壤氮和磷的空间变异以及轮作作物养分利用的评估

• 批准号: 452509-2013
• 负责人: Sharifi, Mehdi
• 金额: $ 1.82万
• 依托单位: Trent University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Engage Grants Program
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2013-01-01 至 2014-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=540929
• 关键词: Spatial; variability; soil; nitrogen; phosphorus

Developing sustainable alternatives to conventional livestock farming practices is an active area of research. Most conventional livestock farming practices have some form of negative economic, environmental or social impact. Consequently, there is an increased interest in developing livestock farming systems that value animal welfare and optimize the integration of livestock field placement into crop rotation systems. Outdoor swine-rearing operations are commonly associated with high levels of irregularly distributed nitrogen and phosphorus in soil. Understanding of the distribution of these nutrients, both vertically and horizontally within a farm plot, is crucial to making management decisions for crop rotations. Careful selection of crops or forages to be grown after a pig cycle is also important to maximize the use efficiency of nutrients within a crop rotation system. We propose a study to assess the spatial distribution of nitrogen and phosphorus after a year of pigs in a rotational system in a South-eastern Ontario farm. We will concurrently conduct a greenhouse experiment to examine the yield, N and P uptake ability of feed crops and forage mixtures grown in pig-rotation soil, as compared to control soil and commercial fertilizer treatments. Our goals are to (1) maximize the nutrient use efficiency in a rotational system by quantifying the amount and distribution of nitrogen and phosphorus in the soil, and (2) find efficient crops in terms of nutrient update and yield production to grow after a pig rotation, that will reduce potential risk of nutrient losses to the environment, and contribute to farm profitability.

开发可持续的替代传统畜牧业做法是一个活跃的研究领域。大多数传统的畜牧业做法对经济、环境或社会产生了某种形式的负面影响。因此，人们越来越有兴趣开发重视动物福利和优化整合牲畜田间安置到作物轮作系统的畜牧养殖系统。室外养猪场通常与土壤中不规则分布的高水平氮和磷有关。了解这些营养物质在农田中的垂直和水平分布，对于制定轮作管理决策至关重要。仔细选择在猪周期后种植的作物或饲料对于最大限度地提高轮作系统内营养物质的利用效率也很重要。我们提出了一项研究，以评估安大略东南部农场在轮换系统中饲养一年后氮和磷的空间分布。我们将同时进行温室实验，以检查猪轮作土壤中生长的饲料作物和饲料混合物的产量，N和P吸收能力，与对照土壤和商业肥料处理相比。我们的目标是：（1）通过量化土壤中氮和磷的数量和分布，最大限度地提高轮作系统中的养分利用效率;（2）找到在猪轮作后生长的养分更新和产量生产方面的高效作物，这将降低养分流失到环境中的潜在风险，并有助于农场盈利。