"Belief change in rational agents (with application to action formalisms, ontologies, and inferentially weak systems)"

“理性主体的信念改变（应用于行动形式主义、本体论和推理弱系统）”

• 批准号: 884-2012
• 负责人: Delgrande, James
• 金额: $ 3.06万
• 依托单位: Simon Fraser University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2014-01-01 至 2015-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=543914
• 关键词: Belief; change; rational; agents; application

In Knowledge Representation (KR) in Artificial Intelligence, an agent's knowledge will generally be incomplete, possibly inaccurate, and evolving. This will be the case whether the agent is a robot in a physical domain, or a software agent on the web, or a reasoning agent dealing with a corpus of medical information. A crucial problem in KR is to manage such changing information, whether change comes from being told a new fact, or as a result of some executed action, or from sensing the environment. The focus of the proposed research will be on managing belief change. While much work has been carried out in the areas of reasoning about action and belief revision, there are crucial issues that have not been fully addressed or that are not fully understood. For example, it is not clear that the models that we have for belief revision fully characterize all aspects of belief change; as well, research has only recently addressed change in special-purpose KR languages, such as those involving Horn theories or ontologies. Work in the previous grant period focused on the foundations of belief change, with emphasis on iterated change operators and change in inferentially weak systems, along with work in the related areas of preferences and nonmonotonic reasoning. For the coming grant period I will continue working on the foundations of belief change, but also will address three specific interrelated projects concerned with the application of belief change in realistic settings. The first project (with colleagues from SFU, Greece, and Australia) will examine belief change in description logics, specifically with logics used for representing medical ontologies on the one hand, and the so-called semantic web of the other. The second project (with a colleague from Toronto) will be to provide a full high-level specification of an agent able to incorporate information about known action effects, being informed of something, and sensor information, with the goal of being able to revise its knowledge, whether the incorrect knowledge came from incorrect information, fallible sensors, or failed actions. The third project (with a colleague from SFU) will address situational awareness in large-scale (maritime) and local (household assisted living) settings.

在人工智能的知识表示（KR）中，智能体的知识通常是不完整的，可能是不准确的，并且是不断发展的。 无论代理是物理域中的机器人，还是网络上的软件代理，还是处理医学信息语料库的推理代理，情况都是如此。 在KR中，一个关键的问题是管理这些变化的信息，无论变化是来自于被告知一个新的事实，还是由于一些执行的行动，还是来自于对环境的感知。拟议研究的重点将是管理信念的变化。 虽然在行动推理和信念修正领域已经开展了大量工作，但仍有一些关键问题尚未得到充分解决或未得到充分理解。 例如，目前尚不清楚我们的信念修正模型是否完全表征了信念变化的所有方面;此外，研究最近才解决了特殊用途KR语言的变化，例如涉及Horn理论或本体论的语言。 在上一个资助期的工作集中在信念变化的基础上，重点是迭代变化算子和不可变弱系统的变化，沿着在偏好和非单调推理的相关领域的工作。在即将到来的资助期内，我将继续致力于信念改变的基础，但也将解决三个具体的相互关联的项目，这些项目涉及在现实环境中应用信念改变。 第一个项目（与来自SFU，希腊和澳大利亚的同事）将研究描述逻辑中的信念变化，特别是一方面用于表示医学本体的逻辑，另一方面是所谓的语义网。 第二个项目（与一位来自多伦多的同事合作）将提供一个完整的高级规范，说明一个能够整合已知动作效果、被告知某事和传感器信息的智能体，目标是能够修改其知识，无论错误的知识来自错误的信息、易出错的传感器还是失败的动作。 第三个项目（与SFU的一位同事合作）将解决大规模（海上）和当地（家庭辅助生活）环境中的情况意识问题。