Gas hydrates engineering

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Gas hydrates are crystals formed by water and other compounds such as natural gas components under suitable pressure and temperature conditions. Gas hydrates occur naturally below the seafloor and in permafrost areas. These hydrates constitute a huge source of natural gas if technology becomes available to recover the gas from the solid hydrate in a safe, economic and environmentally acceptable manner. Gas hydrates complicate oil and gas drilling and may plug hydrocarbon pipelines and thus, cause serious safety and economic problems. Significant effort is devoted to manage the risk associated with hydrate formation in the oil and gas industry. Synthetic hydrates are being investigated for a number of practical applications including natural gas storage and transport, hydrogen storage for fuel cells, and carbon dioxide capture and sequestration.