Effects of forest management on dead wood supply and implications for biodiversity

森林管理对死木供应的影响及其对生物多样性的影响

• 批准号: 203116-2011
• 负责人: Malcolm, Jay
• 金额: $ 2.77万
• 依托单位: University of Toronto
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2014-01-01 至 2015-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=546251
• 关键词: Effects; forest; management; dead; wood

Woody debris (WD), which includes both downed wood and snags, is thought to be an important resource for many organisms, but one that is especially sensitive to forest management practices. Although the importance of WD for biodiversity is widely recognized, and indeed WD retention guidelines to sustain wildlife habitat and ecological function are ubiquitous in forest management planning, their basis and effectiveness at present is not fully understood. The proposed research will use manipulative field studies and computer-based modelling to address these gaps in boreal northeastern Ontario. Specific objectives will be to: 1) undertake field studies in areas of different levels of downed WD removal to identify key indicator taxa and to better understand habitat supply relationships (with a focus on key groups of saproxylic insects [those dependent upon dead and dying wood], fungi, and small mammal fauna) and 2) parameterize a modelling framework in which short- and long-term effects of particular management practices on WD habitat supply can be investigated. Key hypotheses to be tested include: 1) reductions in the local supply of WD will result in reduced colonization among certain groups of organisms, with net reduction of species richness of WD; 2) small mammal population densities and productivity, movements, and foraging behaviour will vary in response to variation in the quantity and quality of WD; and 3) existing guidelines for WD retention will prove inadequate for long-term, stand-level conservation of biodiversity in the face of new biomass demands. Field work will focus on reference old-growth plots, conventional and biomass clearcuts, and a manipulative experiment in which all, one-half, or no downed WD was removed from 40-65 year-old, 2.25 ha study plots. The research is of particular significance in that it is: 1) precedent setting in that it makes use of a powerful experimental design and novel techniques to provide critical information on biodiversity indicators and WD supply thresholds and 2) will examine the relationship between harvesting practices and long-term WD habitat supply, including in operational-scale biofuel harvests.

Woody碎片（WD）既包括木材和障碍物，也被认为是许多生物体的重要资源，但对森林管理实践特别敏感。 尽管WD对生物多样性的重要性得到了广泛的认可，但实际上WD保留指南维持野生动植物栖息地和生态功能在森林管理计划中无处不在，但目前尚不完全了解其目前的基础和有效性。 拟议的研究将使用操纵现场研究和基于计算机的建模来解决安大略省东北部的这些差距。 具体目标将是：1）在不同级别的WD清除水平的领域进行现场研究，以确定关键的指标分类单元并更好地了解栖息地供应关系（重点是关键的皂性昆虫群体（依赖于死亡和垂死的木材），真菌和真菌和小型哺乳动物Fauna的含量和2）参数效果的习惯以及效果效果的范围以及效果效果。 要测试的关键假设包括：1）局部供应WD的减少将导致某些生物群中的定植降低，而WD物种丰富度的净降低； 2）小哺乳动物人口密度和生产率，运动和觅食行为会因WD数量和质量的差异而有所不同； 3）现有的WD保留指南将证明面对新的生物质需求，将不足以长期，独立的生物多样性保护。 现场工作将集中于参考旧生长图，常规和生物质清除术以及一个操纵实验，其中一半（一半）或未从40-65岁的2.25 HA研究图中删除了所有的WD。 这项研究特别重要，因为1）先例设置，因为它利用强大的实验设计和新颖的技术来提供有关生物多样性指标和WD供应阈值的关键信息，并且2）将研究收获实践与长期WD栖息地供应之间的关系，包括在运营生物量表中，包括运营生物量表。