Neuroprosthesis for restoring quiet stance and balance during quit stances in individuals with spinal cord injury

用于恢复脊髓损伤患者戒断姿势期间的安静姿势和平衡的神经假体

• 批准号: 249669-2011
• 负责人: Popovic, Milos
• 金额: $ 4.37万
• 依托单位: University of Toronto
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2014-01-01 至 2015-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=547354
• 关键词: Neuroprosthesis; restoring; quiet; stance; balance

In Canada, approximately 36,000 people live with spinal cord injury (SCI). The incidence of SCI is estimated at 35 per million population, which translates roughly into 1,000 new injuries every year. Each injury costs the individual and the health care system an average of $198,335 in the first year, and an additional $24,154 each subsequent year. A significant part of these expenses are associated with the fact that many individuals with SCI require the services of a caregiver to assist them with various daily tasks such as cooking, eating, transfers and toileting. The purpose of this research program is to develop a neuroprosthesis for standing and balancing for individuals with neurologic impairments secondary to SCI. Specifically, the proposed neuroprosthesis will apply functional electrical stimulation (FES) to artificially generate muscle contractions required to allow paralyzed individuals to stand up, perform stable unsupported standing, and to sit down. The development of this system will enable SCI consumers to perform activities such as being able to stand while cooking, reach for ingredients on shelves, and have more control when transferring from their wheelchairs to their beds, cars, etc. Currently, a neuroprosthesis that can facilitate prolonged and unsupported standing does not exist. Development of this device will revolutionize both the rehabilitation treatment and assistive technologies for individuals with SCI. Rather than having to significantly modify the physical environment, buy expensive equipment or hire caregivers, a person with SCI may be able to have greater independence in their activities of daily living. An effective neuroprosthesis for unsupported standing will considerably improve the quality of life for individuals with SCI, while reducing the cost of the impairment to both SCI consumers and society. Aside from the obvious functional benefits, the neuroprosthesis will prevent bone demineralization by allowing its users to load their bones and joints for prolonged periods of time. This will result in the reduction of incidence of low energy fractures commonly experienced by these patients. The neuroprosthesis will also increase the muscle volume in patients' legs and lower backs, resulting in the reduction in frequency of pressure sores.

在加拿大，大约有36,000人患有脊髓损伤(SCI)。据估计，脊髓损伤的发病率为每百万人口35人，这相当于每年大约有1000人新受伤。每一次伤害在第一年平均给个人和医疗保健系统造成198,335美元的损失，之后的每一年都会额外增加24,154美元。这些费用的很大一部分与许多脊髓损伤患者需要照顾者的服务有关，以帮助他们完成各种日常任务，如做饭、吃饭、转移和如厕。该研究项目的目的是开发一种用于SCI继发性神经损伤患者站立和平衡的神经假体。具体地说，拟议的神经假体将应用功能性电刺激(FES)来人工产生肌肉收缩，使瘫痪患者能够站立、稳定地无支撑站立和坐下。这一系统的开发将使SCI消费者能够在烹饪时站立，伸手拿货架上的食材，并在从轮椅转移到床上、汽车等时拥有更多控制权。目前，还没有一种可以促进长时间和无支撑站立的神经假体。该设备的开发将使脊髓损伤患者的康复治疗和辅助技术发生革命性变化。患有脊髓损伤的人可能会在日常生活活动中拥有更大的独立性，而不是不得不大幅改变物理环境，购买昂贵的设备或聘请照顾者。一种有效的无支撑站立神经假体将显著改善脊髓损伤患者的生活质量，同时降低损伤对脊髓损伤消费者和社会的成本。除了明显的功能好处外，这种神经假体还将通过允许使用者长时间加载他们的骨骼和关节来防止骨骼脱矿。这将减少这些患者通常经历的低能量骨折的发生率。神经假体还会增加患者腿部和下背部的肌肉体积，从而减少压疮的频率。