Mechanisms of fuel use and water balance during flight and refueling in migratory birds and bats

候鸟和蝙蝠飞行和加油过程中的燃料使用和水平衡机制

• 批准号: 311901-2010
• 负责人: Guglielmo, Christopher
• 金额: $ 4.44万
• 依托单位: University of Western Ontario
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2014-01-01 至 2015-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=548551
• 关键词: Mechanisms; fuel; use; water; balance

Over the proposed five year grant period the principal investigator, post-docs, and graduate and undergraduate students will use new and unique facilities to explore the physiology, behaviour and ecology of migratory birds and bats under laboratory and field conditions. A hypobaric climatic wind tunnel specialized for bird flight studies will be used to investigate 1) how altitude affects energy costs, gas exchange, kinematics, water balance, and fuel use in flight; 2) how dietary macronutrients (fat, carbohydrate, and protein) influence the relative use of fat and protein during flight; 3) how water stress at rest and in flight affects the catabolism of protein from lean body components like muscles and organs; 4) the effects of endurance flight on kidney function and excretory water loss; 5) how dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids affect endurance flight performance and muscle biochemistry; and 6) how prolonged migratory flight affects immunocompetence. Metabolic fuel use and seasonal changes in muscle biochemistry of migrating bats will also be studied.

在拟议的五年授予期内，首席研究员，毕业后以及研究生和本科生将使用新的和独特的设施来探索在实验室和现场状况下的迁移鸟类和蝙蝠的生理，行为和生态学。专门用于鸟类飞行研究的低估气候风隧道将用于研究1）高度如何影响能源成本，气体交换，运动学，水平衡和飞行中的燃料使用； 2）饮食中的大量营养素（脂肪，碳水化合物和蛋白质）如何影响飞行过程中脂肪和蛋白质的相对使用； 3）静止和飞行中的水压力如何影响肌肉和器官等瘦体成分的蛋白质分解代谢； 4）耐力飞行对肾脏功能和排泄水分流失的影响； 5）饮食多不饱和脂肪酸如何影响耐力飞行性能和肌肉生物化学； 6）长时间的迁移飞行如何影响免疫能力。 还将研究迁移蝙蝠的肌肉生物化学的代谢燃料使用和季节性变化。