Nanoelectromechanical resonator arrays for the analysis of biomolecular mixtures

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Identification and analysis of biological molecules are vital in many fundamental problems in molecular biology. Micromechanical devices have been proposed as highly-sensitive transducers for the rapid detection and assaying of molecular systems. More specifically, resonant mechanical sensors operate by monitoring shifts of resonance frequencies associated to the binding. The adsorption sensitivity per unit area of mechanical resonators scales favorably as their dimensions are reduced, offering a compelling path for the development large arrays of molecular sensors with exquisite mass-sensitivities. These arrays would enable the realization of multiplexed binding assays that could quantify complex mixtures of molecular systems. We have recently developed a fabrication process allowing the realization of nanomechanical resonators as narrow as 20 nm and with a yield approaching 100%. We have also demonstrated the specific detection of biomolecules such as proteins using individual resonators. This device platform is therefore ready to be applied to multiplexed assays involving millions of resonators per square centimetre. To that end, this project will focus on the four following goals: i) Initial proof of concept through analysis of DNA binding affinity using moderately large arrays, ii) A second proof of concept through analysis of peptide-metabolite affinity on moderately large arrays, iii) Realization of ultra-large arrays using nano-imprint lithography, and iv) Development of all-optical automated read-out system. This cross-disciplinary program will train a group of graduate students in key areas of device research such as silicon surface machining and the fundamentals of MEMS/NEMS technology. It will also expose them to other important areas such as the chemical and the biological sciences. The project will also include a significant amount of synergy with respect to the inter-provincial collaborative activities. Finally, it will bring to fruition intellectual property related to the novel nanomachining technique that was developed during the last five years under support of the Discovery Program.