Basic Mechanisms of Neuronal Development, Maintenance and Function in the Basal Ganglia

基底神经节神经元发育、维持和功能的基本机制

• 批准号: 327117-2013
• 负责人: Sadikot, Abbas
• 金额: $ 2.4万
• 依托单位: McGill University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2014-01-01 至 2015-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=548982
• 关键词: Basic; Mechanisms; Neuronal; Development; Maintenance

Our research program aims at discovering how different areas of the mammalian brain acquire a precisely controlled complement of diverse types of nerve cells (neurons) and form the right connections. The developing nervous system generates far more neurons than can survive. Indeed, over half the neurons that are produced die by a form of programmed cell death known as apoptosis. A major factor determining which neuron subtypes survive is whether they are able to get adequate access to survival molecules known as neurotrophins. In order to acquire the correct neurotrophin, the nerve cell must express a receptor molecule, which recognizes the neurotrophin and facilities its survival action. Furthermore, it is preferable that nerve cells survive in response to some form of activity in their environment, allowing for a matching of activating input fivers, with the correct number and type of neurons to be ultimately available for healthy function of the adult nervous system.

我们的研究计划旨在发现哺乳动物大脑的不同区域如何获得精确控制的不同类型神经细胞（神经元）的补充并形成正确的连接。发育中的神经系统产生的神经元数量远多于存活下来的神经元数量。事实上，超过一半的神经元会因一种称为细胞凋亡的程序性细胞死亡而死亡。决定哪些神经元亚型存活的一个主要因素是它们是否能够充分获得被称为神经营养素的存活分子。为了获得正确的神经营养蛋白，神经细胞必须表达受体分子，该受体分子识别神经营养蛋白并促进其生存作用。此外，最好神经细胞能够响应其环境中某种形式的活动而存活，从而允许激活输入五元相匹配，并最终提供正确数量和类型的神经元以实现成人神经系统的健康功能。