Temperature, photosynthesis, and rubisco: biochemistry and physiology of land plant productivity in response to global change

光合作用是植物、藻类和一些细菌利用太阳能将二氧化碳转化为生物质的过程。光合作用是基本上所有陆地和水生食物网的能量基础，并产生食物，燃料，住所和维持人类文明的其他材料。基本的新陈代谢是众所周知的，但光合作用如何响应非生物环境的关键方面还不清楚。例如，关于为什么光合速率在某一最佳温度以上下降有多种假设。此外，Rubisco，实际上催化CO2吸收的酶，与大多数其他酶相比是一种较差的催化剂，但我们对其功能和结构之间微妙关系的理解仍处于起步阶段。此外，Rubisco的特点是从很少的物种，目前我们模拟未来的作物和森林产量使用常数，可能不适合的目的。

Photosynthesis is the process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria use solar energy to convert CO2 into biomass. Photosynthesis is the energetic basis of essentially all terrestrial and aquatic food webs, and produces food, fuel, shelter, and other materials that sustain human civilization. The basic metabolism is well known, but crucial aspects of how photosynthesis responds to the abiotic environment are unclear. For example, there are multiple hypotheses about why photosynthetic rates decline above a certain optimum temperature. Further, Rubisco, the enzyme that actually catalyses CO2 uptake, is a poor catalyst compared to most other enzymes, but our understanding of of the subtle relationships between its function and structure is in its infancy. Moreover, Rubisco has been characterized from very few species, and presently we model future crop and forest yields using constants that may be ill-suited to the purpose.