Post Translational Addition of Amino Acids - Mechanisms Substrate Recognition

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Protein degradation is fundamental to a variety of cellular processes which include gene regulation, attenuating of proteolytic cascades and the removal of mis-folded or damaged proteins. We are investigating the evolutionary conserved degradation signal known as the N-degron, which is the signal for N-End Rule degradation in both eubacteria and eukaryotes. The N-end rule pathway is a ubiquitous process that targets proteins for degradation that possess a particular N-terminal amino acid. Aminoacyl-tRNA protein transferases catalyze the post-translational addition of destabilizing amino acids from aminoacyl-tRNAs to the N-termini of substrate proteins, targeting them for N-End rule degradation.