Nitric oxide turnover and the strategy of physiological adaptation of plants to low oxygen stress

一氧化氮周转与植物低氧胁迫生理适应策略

• 批准号: 355753-2013
• 负责人: Igamberdiev, Abir
• 金额: $ 2.11万
• 依托单位: Memorial University of Newfoundland
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2014-01-01 至 2015-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=549817
• 关键词: Nitric; oxide; turnover; strategy; physiological

My research program aims to establish the mechanisms of nitric oxide (NO) production and scavenging and the functional role of NO metabolism in plants in their adaptation to low oxygen stress taking place widespread during flooding and causing significant losses of agricultural production. Flooding leads to oxygen deprivation in roots, so the maintenance of metabolic activity in plants under stress is essential for their survival. The current project is targeted to define the physiological role of hypoxically produced NO in the regulation of primary metabolism and signal transduction in conditions of low oxygen taking place upon flooding, during seed germination and in fast-growing tissues. The investigation will provide new insights into the metabolic adjustments associated with the controlled use of carbohydrates and ATP during hypoxic survival and the potential use of nitrite as an alternative electron acceptor in mitochondria. The suggested research program aims to establish novel roles of NO turnover in regulating redox and energy levels in stressed plant cells and to determine the importance of defense mechanisms related to efficient NO scavenging in regulating gene expression and maintaining genome stability. The cross-talk between reactive nitrogen species (RNS) such as NO and nitrosoglutathione and reactive oxygen species (ROS) that include, in particular, superoxide radical and hydrogen peroxide will be investigated from the point of view of induction of the mechanisms supporting beneficial scavenging and utilization of these toxic compounds for plant survival. The proposed research will have expected significance in establishing NO metabolism as an alternative to classic fermentation pathways, its importance in the maintenance of cell redox status and in governing morphogenetic events which include programmed cell death, aerenchyma formation, and growth of adventitious roots. The practical value of this study consists in developing the strategies of coping with negative consequences of anaerobic events in plants and in regulation of seed germination. Nitric oxide metabolism represents a new potential target for long-range improvement of resistance to stress in plants.

本研究旨在建立一氧化氮（NO）的产生和清除机制，以及NO代谢在植物适应洪水期间广泛发生的低氧胁迫中的功能作用，并造成农业生产的重大损失。洪水导致根部缺氧，因此在胁迫下维持植物的代谢活动对它们的生存至关重要。目前的项目的目标是定义缺氧产生的NO在调节初级代谢和信号转导的条件下发生的洪水，在种子萌发和快速生长的组织中的低氧条件下的生理作用。这项调查将提供新的见解与控制使用碳水化合物和ATP在缺氧生存和潜在的使用亚硝酸盐作为替代电子受体在线粒体的代谢调节。建议的研究计划的目的是建立新的作用，NO营业额在调节氧化还原和能量水平在强调植物细胞，并确定防御机制的重要性，有效的NO清除在调节基因表达和维持基因组稳定性。活性氮物种（RNS），如NO和亚硝基谷胱甘肽和活性氧物种（ROS），其中包括，特别是，超氧自由基和过氧化氢之间的串扰将从诱导的角度进行研究的机制，支持有益的清除和利用这些有毒化合物的植物生存。拟议的研究将具有预期的意义，在建立NO代谢作为一种替代经典的发酵途径，其重要性，在维持细胞的氧化还原状态和管理形态发生事件，其中包括程序性细胞死亡，通气组织的形成，和不定根的生长。本研究的实用价值在于开发植物应对厌氧事件负面后果的策略和调节种子萌发。一氧化氮代谢是一个新的潜在目标，为长期提高植物的抗逆性。