ANR/ Custom laser pulse-trains and FRequency cOmbs using Space-Time duality (FROST)

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Ultrashort-pulse laser sources have had a revolutionary impact across multitude of fundamental and applied disciplines. Mode-locked fiber lasers are particularly interesting due to their compact and lightweight format, low cost, full compatibility with fiber-optics technologies and systems, etc. Still, fiber laser technologies exhibit an extremely constrained capability for controlling a key laser specification, its repetition rate, or the frequency spacing of the related periodic spectral comb. The repetition rate/frequency spacing in a basic mode-locked fiber laser is typically limited to tens of MHz, well below the needs for applications in high-speed communications, optical sampling, mm-wave and terahertz (THz) waveform synthesis, astronomical spectrometer calibration ("astrocombs") etc. Techniques for multiplying the laser nominal repetition rate have been proposed, e.g., harmonic mode-locking, but negatively affecting critical laser noise features.