Mechanics and Modelling of Nonpoint Source Pollution

面源污染的机理和建模

• 批准号: 5901-2012
• 负责人: Rudra, Ramesh
• 金额: $ 1.53万
• 依托单位: University of Guelph
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=568424
• 关键词: Mechanics; Modelling; Nonpoint; Source; Pollution

The long-term research goals have been to develop practical approaches for environmentally sustainable nonpoint source pollution management, including watershed based source water protection and nutrient management. The developed approaches will provide means to assess the health of water bodies in a watershed, to quantify the pollutant loading to water bodies, to identify pollutant sources and their contributions to loadings and to evaluate best management practices needed for water quality improvement. Development of such approaches require better understanding and description of seasonal hydrology, areas contributing runoff and pollutants in a watershed, and the variability of these areas with tile drainage and soil, land use and topography characteristics. This research will lead to the development of seasonal variable P-Index, and tools for effective management and redesigning of landscape by identifying flow paths and dominant sources of surface runoff and sediment loads. The proposed goals will be achieved (i) by quantification of effects of tile drainage on the soil hydraulic and erosion characteristics affecting nonpoint source pollution and nutrient management, (ii) by development of working relationships to quantify the effects of tile drainage on runoff contributing areas, (iii) by assessment of runoff contributing areas associated with surface inlets, and (iv) by development of a watershed based continuous model to simulate sediment loads to the stream with explicit representation of setbacks and vegetative filter strips. The results from this research will improve the P Index method by enhancing its capability for seasonal application and tile drained conditions. This research also will provide tools for design and evaluation of setbacks for land application of liquid manure and vegetative filter strips for protection of stream water quality. Application of the results from this research will certainly not be restricted to Ontario or Canada, but will have application in many parts of the world.

长期的研究目标是为环境上可持续的非点源污染管理制定切实可行的方法，包括基于流域的水源保护和养分管理。所制定的方法将提供各种手段来评估流域内水体的健康状况，量化水体的污染物负荷，查明污染物来源及其对负荷的影响，并评价改善水质所需的最佳管理做法。 制定这种方法需要更好地了解和描述季节性水文、流域径流和污染物的来源地区，以及这些地区的排水和土壤、土地使用和地形特征的变化。这项研究将导致发展的季节性变量P指数，有效的管理和重新设计的景观，确定流动路径和地表径流和泥沙负荷的主要来源的工具。 拟议目标将通过以下方式实现：（i）量化瓦片排水对影响非点源污染和养分管理的土壤水力和侵蚀特性的影响;（ii）建立工作关系，量化瓦片排水对径流贡献区的影响;（iii）评估与地表入水口相关的径流贡献区;及（iv）发展一个以流域为基础的连续模式，以模拟河流的泥沙负荷，并明确表示挫折和植被过滤带。这项研究的结果将通过提高其季节性应用和瓷砖排水条件的能力来改进P指数法。本研究也将提供设计和评估挫折的液体肥料和植物过滤带的土地应用，以保护河流水质的工具。这项研究的结果的应用当然不限于安大略或加拿大，而是将在世界许多地方得到应用。