Mechanics and Modelling of Nonpoint Source Pollution

面源污染的机理和建模

• 批准号: 5901-2012
• 负责人: Rudra, Ramesh
• 金额: $ 1.53万
• 依托单位: University of Guelph
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=568424
• 关键词: Mechanics; Modelling; Nonpoint; Source; Pollution

The long-term research goals have been to develop practical approaches for environmentally sustainable nonpoint source pollution management, including watershed based source water protection and nutrient management. The developed approaches will provide means to assess the health of water bodies in a watershed, to quantify the pollutant loading to water bodies, to identify pollutant sources and their contributions to loadings and to evaluate best management practices needed for water quality improvement. Development of such approaches require better understanding and description of seasonal hydrology, areas contributing runoff and pollutants in a watershed, and the variability of these areas with tile drainage and soil, land use and topography characteristics. This research will lead to the development of seasonal variable P-Index, and tools for effective management and redesigning of landscape by identifying flow paths and dominant sources of surface runoff and sediment loads. The proposed goals will be achieved (i) by quantification of effects of tile drainage on the soil hydraulic and erosion characteristics affecting nonpoint source pollution and nutrient management, (ii) by development of working relationships to quantify the effects of tile drainage on runoff contributing areas, (iii) by assessment of runoff contributing areas associated with surface inlets, and (iv) by development of a watershed based continuous model to simulate sediment loads to the stream with explicit representation of setbacks and vegetative filter strips. The results from this research will improve the P Index method by enhancing its capability for seasonal application and tile drained conditions. This research also will provide tools for design and evaluation of setbacks for land application of liquid manure and vegetative filter strips for protection of stream water quality. Application of the results from this research will certainly not be restricted to Ontario or Canada, but will have application in many parts of the world.

长期的研究目标是开发环境可持续的非点源污染管理的实用方法，包括基于分水岭的水源保护和养分管理。开发的方法将提供评估分水岭水体健康的手段，量化水体的污染物负荷，确定污染物来源及其对负荷的贡献，并评价改善水质所需的最佳管理做法。这种方法的发展需要更好地了解和描述季节性水文学、流域中产生径流和污染物的地区，以及这些具有排水和土壤、土地利用和地形特征的地区的变异性。这项研究将导致开发季节性可变的P指数，并通过确定径流路径和地表径流和泥沙负荷的主要来源来有效管理和重新设计景观。 拟议的目标将实现：(I)通过量化瓷砖排水对影响非点源污染和养分管理的土壤水力和侵蚀特征的影响，(Ii)通过建立工作关系来量化瓷砖排水对径流产生区的影响，(Iii)通过评估与地表进水口相关的产流区，以及(Iv)通过开发基于分水岭的连续模型来模拟河流的泥沙负荷，明确表示退缩和植被滤带。这项研究的结果将通过提高P指数法在季节性应用和瓷砖排水条件下的能力来改进P指数法。这项研究还将为设计和评估用于保护溪流水质的液体肥料和植物滤条的陆地应用的退步提供工具。这项研究结果的应用肯定不会局限于安大略省或加拿大，而是将在世界许多地方应用。