Groundwater Flow and Contaminant Transport at the Interface Between Fractured Bedrock and Surface Water

裂隙基岩与地表水界面处的地下水流和污染物迁移

• 批准号: 8184-2013
• 负责人: Cherry, John
• 金额: $ 2.91万
• 依托单位: University of Guelph
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=568567
• 关键词: Groundwater; Flow; Contaminant; Transport; Interface

This research concerns contaminated groundwater in bedrock discharging directly from rock fractures into surface water, most notably rivers and ocean estuaries. Research will be conducted in two study areas: along the Eramosa River in Guelph, Ontario where the river water flows directly on the exposed dolostone, and an area of springs along the shoreline of an ocean estuary receiving nitrate-contaminated groundwater in Prince Edward Island (PEI). Many industrial and municipal activities in Guelph have caused groundwater contamination in the underlying fractured bedrock (dolostone) that flow towards the Eramosa River. In PEI, groundwater contaminated with nitrates as a result of potato farming flows in fractured bedrock towards ocean estuaries which are important to the shellfish industry. These two study areas were selected for their favourable features such as access (i.e., public land) and exposed rock surfaces, which are suitable to begin this exploration of bedrock groundwater-surface water interactions. New methods for sampling and monitoring groundwater in the bedrock will be developed and tested, including adaptation of small portable drills, used globally in mineral exploration, for use in ecologically sensitive and/or with difficult access area such as rivers and estuaries. Miniaturized monitoring devices will be installed in holes made by these small portable drills creating holes up to 50 m deep in a manner that minimizes environmental damage. These drills make holes much smaller in diameter than larger conventional drills and therefore equipment to acquire information from these small diameter holes must be developed. Monitoring of the groundwater and surface water temperature and salinity using novel methods will be used to locate and understand the nature of the groundwater discharge to the surface water. The goal is to develop a comprehensive approach for examining groundwater-surface water interactions at bedrock-surface water interfaces. Once developed, this approach will advance understanding in many other areas, such as along bedrock shorelines of the Great Lakes and along numerous rivers and ocean shorelines where contaminated groundwater discharges from bedrock.

这项研究涉及从直接从岩石裂缝中排出的基岩中污染的地下水，最著名的是河流和海洋河口。研究将在两个研究领域进行：沿着圭尔夫的埃拉莫萨河，安大略省的埃拉莫萨河，那里的河水直接在裸露的多洛斯通河上流动，以及沿着海洋河口的海岸线，接收硝酸盐污染的地下水，在爱德华王子岛（PEI）。圭尔夫（Guelph）的许多工业和市政活动都在流向埃拉莫萨河（Eramosa River）的下面断裂基岩（多洛斯通）（Dolostone）中引起了地下水污染。在PEI中，由于土豆种植在裂缝的基岩中向海洋河口的破碎，地下水被硝酸盐污染，这对贝类行业很重要。选择了这两个研究区域的出现特征，例如通道（即公共土地）和裸露的岩石表面，它们适合开始对基岩地下水面水相互作用进行这种探索。将开发和测试基岩中的采样和监测地下水的新方法，包括适应矿物探索全球用于生态敏感和/或在困难进入区域（例如河流和河口）的小型便携式钻头。这些小型便携式钻头制成的孔将安装微型监视设备，从而使高达50 m的孔深度可最大程度地减少环境破坏。这些钻头的直径比较大的常规钻头小得多，因此必须开发出从这些小直径孔中获取信息的设备。使用新方法对地下水和地表水温和盐度进行监测将用于定位和了解地下水的地下水的性质。目的是开发一种综合方法，用于检查基岩表面水接口处的地下水表面水相互作用。一旦开发，这种方法将在许多其他领域，例如沿着大湖的基岩海岸线，沿许多河流和海洋海岸线，那里污染了底石的地下水排放。