Groundwater Flow and Contaminant Transport at the Interface Between Fractured Bedrock and Surface Water

裂隙基岩与地表水界面处的地下水流和污染物迁移

• 批准号: 8184-2013
• 负责人: Cherry, John
• 金额: $ 2.91万
• 依托单位: University of Guelph
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=568567
• 关键词: Groundwater; Flow; Contaminant; Transport; Interface

This research concerns contaminated groundwater in bedrock discharging directly from rock fractures into surface water, most notably rivers and ocean estuaries. Research will be conducted in two study areas: along the Eramosa River in Guelph, Ontario where the river water flows directly on the exposed dolostone, and an area of springs along the shoreline of an ocean estuary receiving nitrate-contaminated groundwater in Prince Edward Island (PEI). Many industrial and municipal activities in Guelph have caused groundwater contamination in the underlying fractured bedrock (dolostone) that flow towards the Eramosa River. In PEI, groundwater contaminated with nitrates as a result of potato farming flows in fractured bedrock towards ocean estuaries which are important to the shellfish industry. These two study areas were selected for their favourable features such as access (i.e., public land) and exposed rock surfaces, which are suitable to begin this exploration of bedrock groundwater-surface water interactions. New methods for sampling and monitoring groundwater in the bedrock will be developed and tested, including adaptation of small portable drills, used globally in mineral exploration, for use in ecologically sensitive and/or with difficult access area such as rivers and estuaries. Miniaturized monitoring devices will be installed in holes made by these small portable drills creating holes up to 50 m deep in a manner that minimizes environmental damage. These drills make holes much smaller in diameter than larger conventional drills and therefore equipment to acquire information from these small diameter holes must be developed. Monitoring of the groundwater and surface water temperature and salinity using novel methods will be used to locate and understand the nature of the groundwater discharge to the surface water. The goal is to develop a comprehensive approach for examining groundwater-surface water interactions at bedrock-surface water interfaces. Once developed, this approach will advance understanding in many other areas, such as along bedrock shorelines of the Great Lakes and along numerous rivers and ocean shorelines where contaminated groundwater discharges from bedrock.

这项研究涉及基岩中受污染的地下水，从岩石裂缝直接排入地表水，最主要的是河流和海洋河口。研究将在两个研究领域进行：沿着安大略省圭尔夫的Eramosa河，河水直接在暴露的白云岩上流动，以及沿着接受爱德华王子岛（PEI）硝酸盐污染地下水的海洋河口海岸线的泉水区域。圭尔夫的许多工业和市政活动造成了地下水污染，这些地下水污染了流向埃拉莫萨河的断裂基岩（白云岩）。在爱德华王子岛，由于马铃薯种植而受到硝酸盐污染的地下水在断裂的基岩中流向对贝类产业很重要的海洋河口。选择这两个研究区域是因为它们具有有利的特点，如交通便利（即，公共土地）和裸露的岩石表面，这些表面适合于开始基岩地下水-地表水相互作用的勘探。将开发和测试对基岩地下水进行取样和监测的新方法，包括改造全球矿产勘探中使用的小型便携式钻机，用于生态敏感和/或难以进入的地区，如河流和河口。小型监测装置将安装在这些小型便携式钻机所钻的孔中，以最大限度地减少对环境的损害。这些钻头使孔的直径比较大的常规钻头小得多，因此必须开发从这些小直径孔获取信息的设备。将使用新方法监测地下水和地表水的温度和盐度，以确定和了解地下水向地表水排放的性质。其目标是制定一个全面的方法来检查地下水-地表水在地下水-地表水界面的相互作用。一旦开发出来，这一方法将促进对许多其他地区的了解，例如五大湖的沿着基岩海岸线以及受污染地下水从基岩流出的沿着许多河流和海洋海岸线。