Applied Bioenergy and Biowaste Utilization

应用生物能源和生物废物利用

• 批准号: 170464-2013
• 负责人: Kozinski, Janusz
• 金额: $ 4.15万
• 依托单位: York University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=569586
• 关键词: Applied; Bioenergy; Biowaste; Utilization

The bioenergy-based economy seems most suitable to complement the current fossil fuel-based energy systems prior to potential introduction of the hydrogen economy in the future. This project proposes a comprehensive approach in which biowaste, as a renewable energy source, is converted to biodiesel and synthetic gas. The supercritical water (SCW) environment will improve significantly the energy balance by eliminating the need for drying (sustaining SCW requires only 12% of the total energy produced). We are interested in biowaste because it is simply clean stored solar energy. The majority of previous SCW studies used either pure or model compounds (e.g., cellulose) to extrapolate biomass behavior. We selected two types of real biowaste: (1) a beetle-infested mountain pine, and (2) a mixture of agricultural residues. They are available in Canada in commercial quantities. A novel concept will be applied for the in situ hydrothermal utilization of biowaste, while SCW combustion will be studied in a unique synchrotron setting. This novel experimental arrangement will allow, for the first time, for simultaneous observation of the behavior and measurement of species formed in the SCW combustion process. New data will be obtained revealing detailed process and product characteristics. This innovative approach is based on a one-step process involving synchronized dehydrogenation, hydrolysis and oxidation. Hence, it is expected to be less expensive than traditional biowaste combustion. It is known that bioenergy may help reduce detrimental environmental impacts. In order to be a successful energy management option, it must be accomplished in a cost-effective and energy-efficient manner without creating ecological risks. This is precisely what our project has to offer.

在未来可能引入氢经济之前，基于生物能源的经济似乎最适合于补充目前基于化石燃料的能源系统。该项目提出了一种综合方法，将生物废物作为可再生能源转化为生物柴油和合成气。超临界水（SCW）环境将通过消除干燥的需要而显着改善能量平衡（维持SCW仅需产生总能量的12%）。 我们对生物废弃物感兴趣，因为它只是清洁的太阳能储存。大多数先前的SCW研究使用纯化合物或模型化合物（例如，纤维素）外推生物质行为。我们选择了两种类型的真实的生物废物：（1）甲虫出没的山松，（2）农业残留物的混合物。它们在加拿大以商业数量供应。 一个新的概念将适用于生物废物的原位水热利用，而超临界水燃烧将在一个独特的同步加速器设置研究。这种新的实验安排将允许，第一次，同时观察的行为和测量的物种形成的SCW燃烧过程。将获得新的数据，揭示详细的工艺和产品特性。这种创新的方法是基于一个一步法，涉及同步脱氢，水解和氧化。因此，预计它比传统的生物废物燃烧更便宜。 众所周知，生物能源可能有助于减少有害的环境影响。为了成为一个成功的能源管理备选方案，必须在不造成生态风险的情况下以具有成本效益和能源效率的方式完成。这正是我们的项目所提供的。