Applied Bioenergy and Biowaste Utilization

应用生物能源和生物废物利用

• 批准号: 170464-2013
• 负责人: Kozinski, Janusz
• 金额: $ 4.15万
• 依托单位: York University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=569586
• 关键词: Applied; Bioenergy; Biowaste; Utilization

The bioenergy-based economy seems most suitable to complement the current fossil fuel-based energy systems prior to potential introduction of the hydrogen economy in the future. This project proposes a comprehensive approach in which biowaste, as a renewable energy source, is converted to biodiesel and synthetic gas. The supercritical water (SCW) environment will improve significantly the energy balance by eliminating the need for drying (sustaining SCW requires only 12% of the total energy produced). We are interested in biowaste because it is simply clean stored solar energy. The majority of previous SCW studies used either pure or model compounds (e.g., cellulose) to extrapolate biomass behavior. We selected two types of real biowaste: (1) a beetle-infested mountain pine, and (2) a mixture of agricultural residues. They are available in Canada in commercial quantities. A novel concept will be applied for the in situ hydrothermal utilization of biowaste, while SCW combustion will be studied in a unique synchrotron setting. This novel experimental arrangement will allow, for the first time, for simultaneous observation of the behavior and measurement of species formed in the SCW combustion process. New data will be obtained revealing detailed process and product characteristics. This innovative approach is based on a one-step process involving synchronized dehydrogenation, hydrolysis and oxidation. Hence, it is expected to be less expensive than traditional biowaste combustion. It is known that bioenergy may help reduce detrimental environmental impacts. In order to be a successful energy management option, it must be accomplished in a cost-effective and energy-efficient manner without creating ecological risks. This is precisely what our project has to offer.

基于生物能源的经济似乎最适合在未来潜在地引入氢经济之前对当前的基于化石燃料的能源系统进行补充。该项目提出了一种综合方法，其中生物塑料作为可再生能源，转化为生物柴油和合成气体。超临界水（SCW）环境将通过消除干燥需求来显着改善能量平衡（维持SCW仅需要产生的总能量的12％）。 我们对生物塑料感兴趣，因为它只是清洁存储的太阳能。以前的大多数SCW研究都使用纯或模型化合物（例如纤维素）来推断生物量行为。我们选择了两种实际生物塑料：（1）一种甲虫感染的山松树，以及（2）农业残留物的混合物。它们可在加拿大以商业量提供。 新颖的概念将用于生物塑料的原位水热利用，而SCW燃烧将在独特的同步加速器设置中进行研究。这种新颖的实验布置将首次允许同时观察SCW燃烧过程中形成的物种的行为和测量。将获得新数据，以揭示详细的过程和产品特征。这种创新的方法是基于涉及同步脱氢，水解和氧化的一步过程。因此，预计它将比传统生物燃烧燃烧便宜。 众所周知，生物能源可能有助于减少有害环境的影响。为了成为成功的能源管理选择，必须以具有成本效益和节能的方式来实现，而不会产生生态风险。这正是我们的项目所能提供的。