Applied Bioenergy and Biowaste Remediation

应用生物能源和生物废物修复

• 批准号: RGPIN-2020-04716
• 负责人: Kozinski, Janusz
• 金额: $ 5.54万
• 依托单位: Lakehead University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=747953
• 关键词: Applied; Bioenergy; Biowaste; Remediation

The combustion in supercritical water (SCW) is probably one of the most unexplored processes. When water approaches its critical point (375°C and 22.1 MPa), it becomes homogeneous and behaves more like a non-polar solvent than a polar liquid water, stimulating complete dissolution of organics and gases. Hydrogen-bonded, clustered water molecules dissociate at supercritical conditions, forming dimmers or tetrahedron. When oxygen is introduced into such system, oxidation of organics takes place in a homogeneous phase, which greatly reduces diffusion-controlled reactions and enables kinetic-controlled reactions. Therefore, oxidation in SCW proceeds much faster that an oxidation either in liquids or gases. In this research, a novel concept is applied for in situ study of SCW based options enhancing sustainable energy systems. We will obtain original data on the fundamental behavior of selected biomass in SCW, their structural/chemical evolution, mechanistic explanation of the formation pathways as well as their complex interactions. We are interested in biowaste because it is simply clean stored solar energy. The proposed Research Program will consist of two parallel Research Projects. The first project (Biowaste Utilization in Supercritical Water) will be based on our previous observations of behavior of organics in SCW systems. This research will develop new ways of biowaste conversion to biofuels. The second project (Hydrothermal Flames) will continue the applicant's search for new applications of SCW-based techniques. Hydrothermal combustion techniques are still tabulae rasae from the technological point of view with many ideas still to be discovered. Both projects will converge, in the final phase, during their integration at the Canadian Light Synchrotron. This novel experimental arrangement will allow for simultaneous observation of the behavior and measurement of species formed in SCW flames. This innovative approach is based on a one-step process involving synchronized dehydrogenation, hydrolysis and oxidation. The proposed program will have scaling up potential for commercialization of SCW-based technologies for energy generation and waste remediation. It will train HQPs for process and product development and application. This program could complement Canada's initiatives towards greenhouse gas mitigation, circular bioeconomy, waste management and production of clean energy. Its outcomes will be translated into practical applications under partnered industrial settings integrating deliverables with other bioenergy processes, thereby providing a comprehensive and direct solution for adequate energy supply and waste valorization. It is known that bioenergy may help reduce detrimental environmental impacts. In order to be a successful sustainable energy management option, it must be accomplished in a cost effective and energy efficient manner without creating ecological risks. This is precisely what our Research Program has to offer.

超临界水（SCW）中的燃烧可能是最未开发的过程之一。当水接近其临界点（375°C和22.1 MPa）时，它变得均匀，并且表现得更像非极性溶剂而不是极性液体水，从而刺激有机物和气体的完全溶解。氢键合的、成簇的水分子在超临界条件下解离，形成二聚体或四面体。当氧气被引入到这样的系统中时，有机物的氧化在均相中发生，这大大减少了扩散控制的反应，并且能够实现动力学控制的反应。因此，SCW中的氧化比液体或气体中的氧化进行得快得多。在这项研究中，一个新的概念是适用于现场研究的SCW为基础的选项，提高可持续能源系统。我们将获得有关SCW中选定生物质的基本行为，其结构/化学演变，形成途径的机理解释以及它们复杂的相互作用的原始数据。我们对生物废弃物感兴趣，因为它只是清洁的太阳能储存。该研究计划将包括两个平行的研究项目。第一个项目（超临界水中的生物废弃物利用）将基于我们以前对超临界水系统中有机物行为的观察。这项研究将开发生物废物转化为生物燃料的新方法。第二个项目（热液火焰）将继续申请人对基于超临界水技术的新应用的研究。水热燃烧技术从技术的角度来看仍然是空白，有许多想法仍有待发现。在最后阶段，这两个项目将在加拿大光同步加速器的整合过程中汇合。这种新的实验安排将允许同时观察的行为和测量的物种形成的SCW火焰。这种创新的方法是基于一个一步法，涉及同步脱氢，水解和氧化。拟议的计划将扩大基于超临界水的能源生产和废物治理技术商业化的潜力。它将为工艺和产品开发及应用培训HQP。该方案可以补充加拿大在减少温室气体、循环生物经济、废物管理和清洁能源生产方面的举措。其成果将转化为在合作工业环境下的实际应用，将可交付成果与其他生物能源过程相结合，从而为充足的能源供应和废物价值评估提供全面和直接的解决方案。众所周知，生物能源可能有助于减少有害的环境影响。为了成为一个成功的可持续能源管理选择，它必须以具有成本效益和能源效率的方式完成，而不会产生生态风险。 这正是我们的研究计划所能提供的。