Applied Bioenergy and Biowaste Remediation

应用生物能源和生物废物修复

• 批准号: RGPIN-2020-04716
• 负责人: Kozinski, Janusz
• 金额: $ 5.54万
• 依托单位: Lakehead University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=747953
• 关键词: Applied; Bioenergy; Biowaste; Remediation

The combustion in supercritical water (SCW) is probably one of the most unexplored processes. When water approaches its critical point (375°C and 22.1 MPa), it becomes homogeneous and behaves more like a non-polar solvent than a polar liquid water, stimulating complete dissolution of organics and gases. Hydrogen-bonded, clustered water molecules dissociate at supercritical conditions, forming dimmers or tetrahedron. When oxygen is introduced into such system, oxidation of organics takes place in a homogeneous phase, which greatly reduces diffusion-controlled reactions and enables kinetic-controlled reactions. Therefore, oxidation in SCW proceeds much faster that an oxidation either in liquids or gases. In this research, a novel concept is applied for in situ study of SCW based options enhancing sustainable energy systems. We will obtain original data on the fundamental behavior of selected biomass in SCW, their structural/chemical evolution, mechanistic explanation of the formation pathways as well as their complex interactions. We are interested in biowaste because it is simply clean stored solar energy. The proposed Research Program will consist of two parallel Research Projects. The first project (Biowaste Utilization in Supercritical Water) will be based on our previous observations of behavior of organics in SCW systems. This research will develop new ways of biowaste conversion to biofuels. The second project (Hydrothermal Flames) will continue the applicant's search for new applications of SCW-based techniques. Hydrothermal combustion techniques are still tabulae rasae from the technological point of view with many ideas still to be discovered. Both projects will converge, in the final phase, during their integration at the Canadian Light Synchrotron. This novel experimental arrangement will allow for simultaneous observation of the behavior and measurement of species formed in SCW flames. This innovative approach is based on a one-step process involving synchronized dehydrogenation, hydrolysis and oxidation. The proposed program will have scaling up potential for commercialization of SCW-based technologies for energy generation and waste remediation. It will train HQPs for process and product development and application. This program could complement Canada's initiatives towards greenhouse gas mitigation, circular bioeconomy, waste management and production of clean energy. Its outcomes will be translated into practical applications under partnered industrial settings integrating deliverables with other bioenergy processes, thereby providing a comprehensive and direct solution for adequate energy supply and waste valorization. It is known that bioenergy may help reduce detrimental environmental impacts. In order to be a successful sustainable energy management option, it must be accomplished in a cost effective and energy efficient manner without creating ecological risks. This is precisely what our Research Program has to offer.

超临界水中的燃烧可能是最未被探索的过程之一。当水接近其临界点(375°C和22.1兆帕)时，它变得均匀，表现得更像非极性溶剂，而不是极性液态水，刺激有机物和气体的完全溶解。氢键聚集的水分子在超临界条件下解离，形成二聚体或四面体。当氧气被引入到该体系中时，有机物的氧化发生在均相中，这大大减少了扩散控制的反应，使动力学控制的反应成为可能。因此，无论是在液体中还是在气体中，SCW中的氧化都比液体中的氧化进行得更快。在这项研究中，一个新的概念被应用于基于供应链的期权增强可持续能源系统的现场研究。我们将获得关于选定生物质在超临界水中的基本行为、它们的结构/化学演化、形成途径的机制解释以及它们复杂的相互作用的原始数据。我们对生物垃圾感兴趣，因为它是简单的清洁储存的太阳能。拟议的研究计划将由两个平行的研究项目组成。第一个项目(超临界水中的生物垃圾利用)将基于我们之前对SCW系统中有机物行为的观察。这项研究将开发生物垃圾转化为生物燃料的新方法。第二个项目(热液火焰)将继续申请者寻找超大规模杀伤性武器技术的新应用。水热燃烧技术从技术角度看仍是空白，还有许多想法有待发现。这两个项目将在最后阶段在加拿大光同步加速器整合期间汇合。这种新颖的实验装置将允许同时观察在超临界水火焰中形成的物种的行为和测量。这种创新的方法是基于同步脱氢、水解和氧化的一步过程。拟议的计划将具有扩大基于SCW的能源发电和废物修复技术商业化的潜力。它将为工艺和产品开发和应用培训HQP。该计划可以补充加拿大在温室气体减排、循环生物经济、废物管理和生产清洁能源方面的倡议。其成果将在合作的工业环境下转化为实际应用，将交付成果与其他生物能源工艺相结合，从而为充分的能源供应和废物定价提供全面和直接的解决方案。众所周知，生物能源可能有助于减少对环境的有害影响。为了成为一种成功的可持续能源管理方案，必须在不造成生态风险的情况下以具有成本效益和能源效率的方式完成。这正是我们的研究计划所要提供的。