Assessing scour and erosion resistance in fine-grained soils

评估细粒土壤的抗冲刷和侵蚀能力

• 批准号: 238321-2012
• 负责人: Mazurek, KerryAnne
• 金额: $ 1.38万
• 依托单位: University of Saskatchewan
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=570393
• 关键词: Assessing; scour; erosion; resistance; fine

The proposed research focuses on the development of methods to assess scour and erosion resistance in fine-grained soils. Assessment of scour is important to the design many major infrastructure works. Bridges can fail if scour around bridge piers undermines the foundations of piers. Dams, culverts, weirs, and drop structures in irrigation canals can be destabilized by scour of the downstream riverbed. Failure of these structures represent significant economic loss and often a threat to public safety. The work described herein is divided into three studies. The first study will be used to better understand the mechanics of erosion in a common technique for measuring soil erodibility. A student will investigate how the flow behaves in a scour hole as the shape of the scour hole varies to better predict the stress conditions on the soil surface as it is eroded. The student will also attempt to understand how a clay-rich soil is affected by the pressure fluctuations of the flow eroding it. The work will be used to improved the accuracy of the jet erosion test for assessing soil erosion resistance. For the second project, results from three types of soil erosion resistance tests will be compared. There a multitude of devices to measure the erosion resistance of soils, but there has been little work to compare results between devices. The work will provide engineers advice on what device might be giving the most accurate results. For the third project, experiments will be conducted on the time development of the scour hole created by a circular wall jet in fine-grained material, which models the scour created below culverts. The aim is to develop a method to predict the size of the scour hole that might be generated below a culvert at particular time in the scouring process that would be applicable to both clayey soils and sands. The goal is to provide engineers with a simple method to determine whether erosion protection is required at a culvert site.

提出的研究重点是开发方法来评估细粒土壤的冲刷和侵蚀阻力。冲刷评估是许多重大基础设施工程设计的重要内容。如果桥墩周围的冲刷破坏了桥墩的基础，桥梁就会倒塌。灌溉渠中的水坝、涵洞、堰和滴水结构可能因下游河床的冲刷而破坏稳定。这些结构的损坏会造成重大的经济损失，并经常威胁到公共安全。