Scour and erosion resistance in cohesive soils

粘性土壤中的抗冲刷和侵蚀能力

• 批准号: 238321-2007
• 负责人: Mazurek, Kerry
• 金额: $ 1.38万
• 依托单位: University of Saskatchewan
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2007-01-01 至 2008-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=365532
• 关键词: Scour; erosion; resistance; cohesive; soils

The proposed work consists of a number of studies that investigate erosion in cohesive soils.  Cohesive soils are those that contain clay and are prevalent in nature.  Study of erosion is important because it can affect people in many ways.  Bridges can fail if water flows around bridge piers erode away the soil on which they are founded.  Dams, culverts, and weirs can be destabilized by erosion of riverbeds downstream of the structures.  Erosion of riverbanks can result in loss of property.  To predict erosion and attempt to mitigate its negative impacts, engineers must be able to assess under what conditions a particular soil will erode and by how much.  For cohesive soils, there are currently no reliable methods to make these assessments.The proposed work will focus on improving field methods of measuring erosion resistance of cohesive soils.  It will also be used to develop a better understanding of the forms of erosion in these soils.  A first study will be used to quantify the variability in erosion that might be expected if flow and soil conditions are constant between erosion tests.  A second study will look at improving models for predicting how quickly the soil will erode by including the effects of pressure fluctuations on the soil surface.  A third study will investigate how the form of erosion changes with varied clay content in the soil.  Finally, experiments will be undertaken to evaluate how groundwater seeping through a soil effects the form of erosion and how quickly it erodes.The results of these studies should allow engineers to better design and maintain critical infrastructure such as bridges and dams.  This will ultimately improve the protection of the public from failure of these structures, which has both social and economic benefits.

拟议的工作包括一些研究，调查侵蚀粘性土壤。粘性土壤是那些含有粘土和普遍存在于自然界。研究侵蚀是很重要的，因为它可以影响人在许多方面。桥梁可能会失败，如果水流周围的桥墩侵蚀土壤，他们建立。水坝，涵洞，结构物下游河床的侵蚀可能会破坏堰的稳定性。河岸的侵蚀可能会导致财产损失。为了预测侵蚀并试图减轻其负面影响，工程师必须能够评估特定土壤在什么条件下会被侵蚀以及侵蚀的程度。对于粘性土壤，目前还没有可靠的方法来进行这些评估。拟议的工作将集中在改进测量粘性土壤抗侵蚀性的现场方法。它也将用于更好地了解这些土壤的侵蚀形式。第一项研究将用于量化侵蚀的变化，如果水流和土壤条件在侵蚀试验之间保持不变，则可能会出现这种变化。第二项研究将着眼于通过包括土壤表面压力波动的影响来改进预测土壤侵蚀速度的模型。第三项研究将研究土壤中粘粒含量的变化对侵蚀形态的影响。最后，将进行实验，以评估地下水渗入土壤如何影响侵蚀的形式以及侵蚀的速度。这些研究的结果将使工程师能够更好地设计和维护桥梁和水坝等关键基础设施。这将最终改善对公众的保护，使其免受这些设施的破坏。这是一种既有社会效益又有经济效益的结构。