Polysaccharide discovery

多糖的发现

• 批准号: 283115-2011
• 负责人: Monteiro, Mario
• 金额: $ 2.55万
• 依托单位: University of Guelph
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=571317
• 关键词: Polysaccharide; discovery

Polysaccharides are a diverse outer-surface component of microbial organisms that are important for serotype classification and vaccine development. The discovery and determination of polysaccharide structure is fundamental for any subsequent scientific research that deals with these biomolecules. The backbone of our research program is the discovery and detailed structural chemistry of novel polysaccharides that are elaborated by infectious microorganisms. The polysaccharide covalent structures are elucidated using a creative and multidisciplinary approach based on chemical, analytical and spectroscopic studies. The determination of microbial polysaccharide structures involves selective extraction procedures followed by case-specific chemical degradations and analysis of the degradation products. Nowadays, data generated by state-of-the-art nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and mass spectrometry experiments yield important information about intricate structural features of polysaccharides and are thus key tools in our research. Polysaccharides do not share the almost conserved structural nature of oligonucleotides or peptides, and although we base our initial approach on the typical framework of carbohydrate structures, it is important to realize that every polysaccharide requires a different approach in order for its fine structure to be elucidated. In particular, microbes possess the ability to synthesize branched heteropolysaccharides often containing previously unknown sugars of unusual configurations. Accordingly, the exploration of new methodology for polysaccharide analysis is a complementary branch of our research program. Our structural findings will form the basis for future studies dealing with the biochemical function of microbial polysaccharides and will form the core for new anti-microbial carbohydrate-based vaccines.

多糖是微生物生物体的多样性外表面组分，其对于血清型分类和疫苗开发是重要的。 多糖结构的发现和测定是后续任何涉及这些生物分子的科学研究的基础。 我们的研究计划的骨干是发现和详细的结构化学的新型多糖是由传染性微生物阐述。 多糖共价结构的阐明使用一个创造性的和多学科的方法的基础上化学，分析和光谱研究。 微生物多糖结构的测定包括选择性提取程序，然后进行特定情况的化学降解和降解产物的分析。 如今，最先进的核磁共振光谱和质谱实验产生的数据产生了关于多糖复杂结构特征的重要信息，因此是我们研究的关键工具。 多糖不具有寡核苷酸或肽的几乎保守的结构性质，尽管我们的初始方法基于碳水化合物结构的典型框架，但重要的是要认识到，每种多糖都需要不同的方法才能阐明其精细结构。 特别是，微生物具有合成支链杂多糖的能力，这些杂多糖通常含有以前未知的不寻常构型的糖。 因此，多糖分析新方法的探索是我们研究计划的一个补充分支。 我们的结构研究结果将成为未来研究微生物多糖生化功能的基础，并将成为新的抗微生物碳水化合物疫苗的核心。