"Search and Characterization of Exoplanets, Brown Dwarfs and Young Stars"

对系外行星的搜索和研究正在蓬勃发展，并推动了地面和太空中最大观测站的建设。这项努力的目标是确定行星系统的频率，了解行星是如何形成的，以及它们是如何演化的。最终目标是找到一个像我们这样的世界，一个可能有生命存在的类地行星。通过各种技术，包括径向速度、凌日方法、微透镜和最近的直接成像，已经发现了近700颗系外行星。下一步是揭开更多通过像双子座行星成像仪(GPI)这样的强大仪器通过成像探测到的气态巨行星，并开发红外波长的径向速度技术，以便能够在低质量恒星的宜居带(HZ)内搜索地球大小的行星。这些目标最终将被詹姆斯·韦伯太空望远镜(JWST)观测到，以寻找其大气中的水蒸气。 我建议继续一项长期计划，通过一种新颖的贝叶斯分析，在太阳附近识别新的年轻恒星和棕矮星，以及平行的后续观测计划，以确定这些新目标的特征。我建议使用GPI和其他仪器在这些新的年轻目标周围寻找气态巨行星。我还建议开发SPIROU，这是一种用于CFHT的高分辨率红外光谱偏振仪，设计用于精确的径向速度(1米/S)，足以探测到低质量恒星HZ内的类地行星。最后，我将继续JWST的开发，更具体地说，开发加拿大NIRISS仪器的无缝式光谱模式，预计将用于高精度凌日光谱分析工作，例如探测穿越低质量恒星的类地行星的水。

The search and studies of exoplanet is blooming and motivate the construction of the largest observatories both on the ground and in space. The goal of this endeavour is to determine the frequency of planetary systems, understand how planets form and how they evolve. The ultimate goal is to find a world like ours, a terrestrial planet that could harbor life. Nearly 700 exoplanets have been discovered through various techniques including radial velocity, the transit method, micro-lensing and, very recently, direct imaging. The next step is to unveil more gas giant planets detected through imaging with a powerful instrument like the Gemini Planet Imager (GPI) and develop the radial velocity technique at infrared wavelengths to enable the search of Earth-size planets within the habitable zone (HZ) of low-mass stars. These targets will eventually be observed by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), late in this decade, to search for water vapour in their atmosphere. I propose to continue a long-term program for identifying, through a novel Bayesian analysis, new young stars and brown dwarfs in the solar neighbourhood, in addition to parallel follow-up observing programs to characterize these new targets. I propose to search for gas giant planets around these new young targets using GPI and other instruments. I also propose to develop SPIROU, a high-resolution infrared resolution spectropolarimeter to be used on CFHT and designed for accurate radial velocity (1 m/s), enough to detect a terrestrial planet within the HZ of a low-mass star. Finally, I will continue the development of JWST, more specifically to develop the slitless spectroscopic mode of the Canadian instrument NIRISS anticipated to be used for high-precision transit spectroscopy work such as detecting water from terrestrial planets transiting low-mass stars.