"Search and Characterization of Exoplanets, Brown Dwarfs and Young Stars"

对系外行星的搜索和研究正在蓬勃发展，并推动了地面和太空最大天文台的建设。这项工作的目标是确定行星系统的频率，了解行星如何形成以及如何演变。最终目标是找到一个像我们这样的世界，一个可以孕育生命的类地行星。近700颗系外行星已经通过各种技术被发现，包括径向速度、凌日法、微透镜和最近的直接成像。下一步是通过使用Gemini Planet Imager（GPI）等强大的仪器进行成像来发现更多的气体巨行星，并开发红外波长的径向速度技术，以便在低质量恒星的可居住区（HZ）内搜索地球大小的行星。詹姆斯·韦伯太空望远镜（JWST）最终将在本世纪末观测这些目标，以寻找其大气中的水蒸气。

The search and studies of exoplanet is blooming and motivate the construction of the largest observatories both on the ground and in space. The goal of this endeavour is to determine the frequency of planetary systems, understand how planets form and how they evolve. The ultimate goal is to find a world like ours, a terrestrial planet that could harbor life. Nearly 700 exoplanets have been discovered through various techniques including radial velocity, the transit method, micro-lensing and, very recently, direct imaging. The next step is to unveil more gas giant planets detected through imaging with a powerful instrument like the Gemini Planet Imager (GPI) and develop the radial velocity technique at infrared wavelengths to enable the search of Earth-size planets within the habitable zone (HZ) of low-mass stars. These targets will eventually be observed by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), late in this decade, to search for water vapour in their atmosphere.