Towards a new global view of nuclear structure and nuclear matter through nuclei with large neutron to proton ratio

通过大中子与质子比的原子核走向核结构和核物质的新的全球视野

• 批准号: 341332-2011
• 负责人: Kanungo, Rituparna
• 金额: $ 7.65万
• 依托单位: Saint Mary's University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Subatomic Physics Envelope - Individual
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=572232
• 关键词: Towards; new; global; view; nuclear

Searching for our origins has been one of mankind's greatest quests. Nuclei form the core of all matter. Their properties determine their interactions, allowing for the creation of elements necessary for our survival. It is through cascade of reactions of nuclei in the core of stars that key elements such as carbon, oxygen, iron, calcium that are necessary for our survival, came into being. The environment in the core of stars can be such that nuclei there have largely asymmetric ratio of neutrons to protons. Therefore, these neutron-proton asymmetric nuclei form the pathways to the existence of majority of the matter that we see around us. These nuclei are also our laboratory access to the neutron-rich matter existing in the universe. The neutron-proton asymmetric nuclei are unfolding before us an unexpectedly new view of the nucleus, questioning and challenging our half century-old knowledge of nuclei and nuclear forces. Unraveling the secrets of these exotic nuclei is now the forefront research activity in nuclear physics worldwide. These nuclei being very short-lived do not exist naturally on earth. Over the last two decades scientists have made a remarkable achievement to produce these rare isotopes in the laboratory through nuclear reactions. This research program uses accelerated beams of such rare isotopes in Canada's national laboratory TRIUMF, as well as other premier laboratories in the world to step out of the restricted knowledge we have from stable nuclear species on earth. The research results are Canada's major contribution to a massive effort world-wide in forming a complete global view of nuclei in the cosmos. This fundamental research will thus enlighten our society about neutron-rich objects in the universe and what drives exploding stars to produce all that we see around us.

寻找我们的起源一直是人类最伟大的追求之一。原子核构成了所有物质的核心。他们的 属性决定了它们的相互作用，允许创造我们生存所必需的元素。是 通过恒星核心的原子核级联反应，碳，氧，铁， 钙是我们生存所必需的，就这样诞生了。恒星核心的环境可能是这样的， 那里的原子核中子和质子的比例很不对称。因此，这些中子质子不对称 原子核是我们周围大多数物质存在的途径。这些原子核也是我们 在实验室中接触宇宙中存在的富含中子的物质。 中子-质子不对称核在我们面前展现了一种意想不到的新的原子核观点， 质疑和挑战我们半个世纪以来关于核和核力量的知识。Unraveling the 这些奇异原子核的秘密现在是世界范围内核物理研究的前沿活动。 这些原子核的寿命很短，在地球上自然不存在。在过去的二十年里，科学家们 在实验室通过核反应生产这些稀有同位素取得了令人瞩目的成就。 这项研究计划在加拿大国家实验室TRIUMF使用这种稀有同位素的加速束， 以及世界上其他一流的实验室，以走出我们从稳定的 地球上的核物种 这些研究成果是加拿大对世界范围内形成一个完整的 宇宙原子核的全局观。这项基础研究将启发我们的社会， 宇宙中富含中子的物体，以及是什么驱动爆炸的恒星产生我们周围看到的一切。