Geotechnical Evaluation of Tailings Dewatering

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Geotechnical engineering is at the forefront of devising sustainable solutions for the management of mine waste tailings. Efficient dewatering of these slurries is pivotal for cost reduction, environmental compliance, and social licensure. This proposal focuses on developing a clear understanding of tailings behavior through an industrially relevant research program. A scientific framework will be established by studying the engineering behavior of thickened tailings in light of micromechanics under both saturated and unsaturated conditions. The work will be carried out as three separate but mutually related projects focusing on the following: (i) hindered sedimentation of polymer-modified tailings to improve effectiveness of the thickened product; (ii) 3D large-strain consolidation to increase storage capacity of the containment pond; and (iii) atmospheric desiccation of consolidated tailings to identify the mechanisms governing unsaturated surface deposits. Such a comprehensive research initiative will be a significant development for both the academic field (in terms of including slurry micromechanics in geotechnical engineering) and the target community (by managing tailings disposal at the outset of deposition). The expected economic benefits of material-specific tailings amelioration technologies to the mining industry can be classified as follows: (i) increased reclamation of process water and chemical reagents; (ii) increased storage capacity of the tailings containment facilities; (iii) improved water consumption at various stages of the ore beneficiation process; and (iv) lower environmental liabilities due to reduced acid rock drainage and metal leaching. Results of the proposed research will be important in developing sustainable operation, closure, and reclamation plans for new and existing mines both in Canada and abroad. Likewise, the training of highly qualified professionals during the process will be beneficial for academia, industry, and regulators with respect to both economic development and environmental compliance. Finally, the infrastructure capacity development, recruitment of highly qualified professionals, and cross-disciplinary extensions are important benefits for the University of Regina.