Development of a magmatic-hydrothermal model for the genesis of platinum-group element (PGE) deposits in porphyry and epithermal settings in the Canadian Cordillera

开发加拿大科迪勒拉山脉斑岩和浅成热液环境中铂族元素 (PGE) 矿床成因的岩浆热液模型

• 批准号: 341762-2012
• 负责人: Hanley, Jacob
• 金额: $ 2.77万
• 依托单位: Saint Mary's University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=572358
• 关键词: Development; magmatic; hydrothermal; model; genesis

Porphyry and epithermal deposits, traditionally mined for Cu-Au-Mo-Ag, may host important resources of platinum-group elements (PGE; notably Pd and Pt). In Canada, the province of B.C. hosts porphyry deposits that contain zones that may potentially be classified as significant future PGE resources (~1-6 grams/ton of Pd; Ref. 1). Compared to deposits in traditional mafic-ultramafic settings, PGE-bearing porphyry and epithermal systems are economically and environmentally preferable to most known magmatic sulfide deposits because of the lower cost of mining by open pit methods, and the high acid-buffering potential of ores and wastes. With increasing pressure on Canadian industry and the public as energy consumers to meet emissions targets set in motion under the Copenhagen Accord (17% reduction from 2005 levels by 2020), there is a growing urgency for multi-million ounce supplies of PGE that will play a vital role in the production of catalysts, exchange membranes for hydrogen purification, fuel storage media and components for a variety of alternative energy technologies (wind, solar thermal, tidal). However, the overall success rate for PGE exploration is very low, and it is unlikely that an adequate long-term resource base from "traditional" settings in Canada will stabilize. In porphyry-epithermal settings, understanding of the origin of PGE is very poor and prevents cost-effective and successful discrimination between geological host environments that may or may not contain economic concentrations of the metals. The proposed study will increase our scientific knowledge of the origin of PGE deposits in atypical, non-traditional geological environments, and in general, will elucidate uncertainties about the geochemical and petrological processes active in orogenic belts that are responsible for the transfer ore metals from the mantle to the shallow crust. The research will also provide mining exploration companies in Canada and elsewhere with field-tested geological criteria to enable discrimination between PGE-barren and PGE-fertile arc terranes.

斑岩和浅成热液矿床，传统上开采铜金钼银，可能含有重要的铂族元素（铂族元素，特别是钯和铂）资源。在加拿大，不列颠哥伦比亚省拥有斑岩矿床，其中含有可能被归类为未来重要铂族元素资源的区域（约1-6克/吨钯;参考文献1）。与传统的镁铁质-超镁铁质环境中的矿床相比，含铂族元素的斑岩和浅成热液系统在经济和环境上优于大多数已知的岩浆硫化物矿床，因为露天采矿法的成本较低，矿石和废物的酸缓冲潜力很高。随着加拿大工业和公众作为能源消费者面临越来越大的压力，要求他们达到哥本哈根雅阁规定的排放目标（到2020年，从2005年的水平减少17%），对数百万盎司的铂族元素供应的紧迫性越来越大，铂族元素将在催化剂，氢气净化交换膜，用于各种替代能源技术（风能、太阳能热、潮汐能）的燃料储存介质和组件。然而，铂族元素勘探的总体成功率非常低，加拿大“传统”环境中的充足长期资源基础不太可能稳定下来。在斑状浅成热液环境中，对PGE起源的了解非常少，无法在可能含有或不含有金属经济浓度的地质宿主环境之间进行具有成本效益和成功的区分。拟议中的研究将增加我们的科学知识的起源铂族元素矿床在非典型的，非传统的地质环境，并在一般情况下，将阐明地球化学和岩石学过程的不确定性活跃在造山带，负责转移矿石金属从地幔到浅地壳。该研究还将为加拿大和其他地方的采矿勘探公司提供实地测试的地质标准，以区分PGE贫瘠和PGE肥沃的弧区。