Development of a magmatic-hydrothermal model for the genesis of platinum-group element (PGE) deposits in porphyry and epithermal settings in the Canadian Cordillera

开发加拿大科迪勒拉山脉斑岩和浅成热液环境中铂族元素 (PGE) 矿床成因的岩浆热液模型

• 批准号: 341762-2012
• 负责人: Hanley, Jacob
• 金额: $ 2.77万
• 依托单位: Saint Mary's University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2016-01-01 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=595476
• 关键词: Development; magmatic; hydrothermal; model; genesis

Porphyry and epithermal deposits, traditionally mined for Cu-Au-Mo-Ag, may host important resources of platinum-group elements (PGE; notably Pd and Pt). In Canada, the province of B.C. hosts porphyry deposits that contain zones that may potentially be classified as significant future PGE resources (~1-6 grams/ton of Pd; Ref. 1). Compared to deposits in traditional mafic-ultramafic settings, PGE-bearing porphyry and epithermal systems are economically and environmentally preferable to most known magmatic sulfide deposits because of the lower cost of mining by open pit methods, and the high acid-buffering potential of ores and wastes. With increasing pressure on Canadian industry and the public as energy consumers to meet emissions targets set in motion under the Copenhagen Accord (17% reduction from 2005 levels by 2020), there is a growing urgency for multi-million ounce supplies of PGE that will play a vital role in the production of catalysts, exchange membranes for hydrogen purification, fuel storage media and components for a variety of alternative energy technologies (wind, solar thermal, tidal). However, the overall success rate for PGE exploration is very low, and it is unlikely that an adequate long-term resource base from "traditional" settings in Canada will stabilize. In porphyry-epithermal settings, understanding of the origin of PGE is very poor and prevents cost-effective and successful discrimination between geological host environments that may or may not contain economic concentrations of the metals. The proposed study will increase our scientific knowledge of the origin of PGE deposits in atypical, non-traditional geological environments, and in general, will elucidate uncertainties about the geochemical and petrological processes active in orogenic belts that are responsible for the transfer ore metals from the mantle to the shallow crust. The research will also provide mining exploration companies in Canada and elsewhere with field-tested geological criteria to enable discrimination between PGE-barren and PGE-fertile arc terranes.

斑岩和浅成热液矿床，传统上开采Cu-Au-Mo-Ag，可能拥有重要的铂族元素（PGE，特别是Pd和Pt）资源。在加拿大，不列颠哥伦比亚省拥有斑岩矿床，其中包含可能被分类为重要的未来PGE资源的带（~1-6克/吨Pd；参考文献1）。与传统基性-超基性环境下的矿床相比，含pge的斑岩和浅成热液系统比大多数已知的岩浆硫化物矿床在经济和环境上都更有利，因为采用露天开采方法开采成本较低，而且矿石和废物具有高的酸缓冲潜力。作为能源消费者，加拿大工业和公众面临着越来越大的压力，要达到哥本哈根协议中设定的排放目标（到2020年比2005年的水平减少17%），数百万盎司的PGE供应日益紧迫，PGE将在催化剂、氢净化交换膜、燃料储存介质和各种替代能源技术（风能、太阳能热、潮汐能）组件的生产中发挥重要作用。然而，PGE勘探的总体成功率非常低，加拿大“传统”环境中充足的长期资源基础不太可能稳定下来。在斑岩-浅成热液环境中，对PGE成因的了解非常少，这不利于经济有效地区分地质宿主环境中是否含有经济浓度的金属。该研究将增加我们对非典型、非传统地质环境中PGE矿床成因的科学认识，并在总体上阐明造山带中活动的地球化学和岩石学过程的不确定性，这些过程负责将矿石金属从地幔转移到浅层地壳。这项研究还将向加拿大和其他地方的采矿勘探公司提供实地测试过的地质标准，以便区分无pge弧地和富pge弧地。