Low coordinate main group compounds: Reagents for small molecule activation and building blocks for heavy multiple bonds

低配位主族化合物：小分子活化试剂和重多重键构建单元

• 批准号: 386579-2011
• 负责人: Ellis, Bobby
• 金额: $ 2.19万
• 依托单位: Acadia University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=572986
• 关键词: Low; coordinate; main; group; compounds

As the global demand for energy increases, so does our need to explore alternative energy sources to fossil fuels. Using alternative fuel sources instead of burning hydrocarbons benefits us environmentally and economically, both as a country and as an international community. Hydrogen, which is a "green energy source" that results in water as the only by-product from its combustion, is one source of energy under consideration. When screening potential energy sources the delivery system and storage for consumers must be considered. Although hydrogen can be stored as a pressurised gas, it is potentially hazardous. Hydrogen, however, can be stored safely in chemical bonds. In order for a compound to be a candidate for chemical hydrogen storage, it must be able to add hydrogen, forming new element-hydrogen bonds, then release hydrogen gas when needed for combustion. We will be examining the reactivity of novel dicoordinate Group 15 cations, Group 13 anions and electron-rich, low-oxidation state Group 14 compounds towards hydrogen addition and release, with the goals of developing a system for safe and practical hydrogen storage in chemical bonds. We will also be looking at the reactivity of these compounds towards other small molecules such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen dioxide and ammonia. Compounds with multiple bonds between heavier Main Group elements often exhibit reactivity not shared by their carbon analogues; they can demonstrate improved reactivity towards hydrogen and other small molecules. These compounds are challenging to synthesize, especially when composed of two different heavier elements. We will be using the dicoordinate species designed for chemical hydrogen storage also as building blocks to form heavy multiple bonds. We will be examining the reactivity of these novel multiply-bonded compounds with hydrogen and other small molecules, amongst other reactivity studies.

随着全球能源需求的增加，我们也需要探索化石燃料的替代能源。使用替代燃料来源而不是燃烧碳氢化合物对我们国家和国际社会的环境和经济都有好处。氢气是一种“绿色能源”，其燃烧的唯一副产品是水，它是正在考虑的一种能源。在筛选潜在能源时，必须考虑消费者的输送系统和储存。尽管氢可以作为加压气体储存，但它具有潜在的危险性。然而，氢可以安全地储存在化学键中。为了使一种化合物成为化学储氢的候选者，它必须能够添加氢，形成新的元素-氢键，然后在需要燃烧时释放氢气。我们将研究新的二配位基团第15族阳离子、第13族阴离子和富含电子的低氧化态第14族化合物对氢的加成和释放的反应性，目的是开发一种安全和实用的化学键储氢系统。我们还将研究这些化合物对二氧化碳、二氧化氮和氨等其他小分子的反应能力。 在较重的主族元素之间具有多个键的化合物通常表现出其碳类似物所不具有的反应性；它们可以表现出对氢和其他小分子的更好的反应性。这些化合物的合成具有挑战性，特别是当它们由两种不同的较重元素组成时。我们将使用为化学氢存储而设计的双配位物种也作为构建块来形成重多键。我们将研究这些新型多键化合物与氢和其他小分子的反应性，以及其他反应性研究。