Innovative seismological analysis for the study of tectonic structures and natural hazards

用于研究构造结构和自然灾害的创新地震学分析

• 批准号: 418268-2013
• 负责人: Kao, Honn
• 金额: $ 2.19万
• 依托单位: University of Victoria
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=573566
• 关键词: Innovative; seismological; analysis; study; tectonic

Seismological analysis is a critical tool in the study of tectonics and natural hazards (e.g., major earthquakes and landslides). In Canada, the density and distribution of seismograph stations vary dramatically from one region to another with many places insufficiently covered. Since a country-wide densification of seismic network is unrealistic and cost prohibited, taking an innovative approach in seismological analysis becomes the most practical and effective way to enhance data resolution. In this proposal, we plan to develop new algorithms to address a variety of challenging problems that most traditional methods would fail. First, we will design a new methodology, based on the successful Source-Scanning Algorithm, to precisely locate seismic sources without the necessity of phase picking and correct association of the same phases at different stations. This new method will include extra information from instantaneous particle motions, multiple phases, and waveform amplitudes to be more efficient and accurate. Second, we will develop a hybrid approach to image seismic velocity structures at the highest resolution. Instead of conducting seismic tomography using a homogeneous data type, we plan to combine constraints from both ambient seismic noise correlation and earthquakes. Other hybrid approaches include using data from both ocean-bottom-seismographs and land-based stations for offshore regions, and using data from both regional networks and dense arrays. Finally, we plan to design an efficient grid moment-tensor inversion method to study the source characteristics of episodic tremor and slip (ETS) events and earthquakes in remote regions such as the Arctic North. The requested funding is exclusively for the support of graduate students to conduct the proposed research activities under the collaboration framework between the University of Victoria and Geological Survey of Canada.

地震分析是研究构造和自然灾害（例如大地震和山体滑坡）的重要工具。在加拿大，地震台的密度和分布因地区而异，许多地方没有得到充分覆盖。由于全国范围内地震台网的致密化既不现实，又成本高昂，因此在地震分析中采用创新方法成为提高数据分辨率的最实际、最有效的方法。在这个提案中，我们计划开发新的算法来解决大多数传统方法无法解决的各种具有挑战性的问题。首先，我们将基于成功的震源扫描算法设计一种新的方法，以精确定位震源，而无需进行相位拾取和正确关联不同台站的相同相位。这种新方法将包括来自瞬时粒子运动、多相和波形幅度的额外信息，以更加高效和准确。其次，我们将开发一种混合方法，以最高分辨率对地震速度结构进行成像。我们计划结合周围地震噪声相关性和地震的约束，而不是使用同质数据类型进行地震层析成像。其他混合方法包括使用来自海底地震仪和近海地区陆基地震站的数据，以及使用来自区域网络和密集阵列的数据。最后，我们计划设计一种高效的网格矩张量反演方法来研究北极北部等偏远地区的阵发性震颤和滑移（ETS）事件和地震的震源特征。所申请的资金专门用于支持研究生在维多利亚大学和加拿大地质调查局的合作框架下开展拟议的研究活动。