Innovative seismological analysis for the study of tectonic structures and natural hazards

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Seismological analysis is a critical tool in the study of tectonics and natural hazards (e.g., major earthquakes and landslides). In Canada, the density and distribution of seismograph stations vary dramatically from one region to another with many places insufficiently covered. Since a country-wide densification of seismic network is unrealistic and cost prohibited, taking an innovative approach in seismological analysis becomes the most practical and effective way to enhance data resolution. In this proposal, we plan to develop new algorithms to address a variety of challenging problems that most traditional methods would fail. First, we will design a new methodology, based on the successful Source-Scanning Algorithm, to precisely locate seismic sources without the necessity of phase picking and correct association of the same phases at different stations. This new method will include extra information from instantaneous particle motions, multiple phases, and waveform amplitudes to be more efficient and accurate. Second, we will develop a hybrid approach to image seismic velocity structures at the highest resolution. Instead of conducting seismic tomography using a homogeneous data type, we plan to combine constraints from both ambient seismic noise correlation and earthquakes. Other hybrid approaches include using data from both ocean-bottom-seismographs and land-based stations for offshore regions, and using data from both regional networks and dense arrays. Finally, we plan to design an efficient grid moment-tensor inversion method to study the source characteristics of episodic tremor and slip (ETS) events and earthquakes in remote regions such as the Arctic North. The requested funding is exclusively for the support of graduate students to conduct the proposed research activities under the collaboration framework between the University of Victoria and Geological Survey of Canada.