Innovative seismological analysis for the study of tectonic structures and natural hazards

用于研究构造结构和自然灾害的创新地震学分析

• 批准号: 418268-2013
• 负责人: Kao, Honn
• 金额: $ 2.19万
• 依托单位: University of Victoria
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2016-01-01 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=596278
• 关键词: Innovative; seismological; analysis; study; tectonic

Seismological analysis is a critical tool in the study of tectonics and natural hazards (e.g., major earthquakes and landslides). In Canada, the density and distribution of seismograph stations vary dramatically from one region to another with many places insufficiently covered. Since a country-wide densification of seismic network is unrealistic and cost prohibited, taking an innovative approach in seismological analysis becomes the most practical and effective way to enhance data resolution. In this proposal, we plan to develop new algorithms to address a variety of challenging problems that most traditional methods would fail. First, we will design a new methodology, based on the successful Source-Scanning Algorithm, to precisely locate seismic sources without the necessity of phase picking and correct association of the same phases at different stations. This new method will include extra information from instantaneous particle motions, multiple phases, and waveform amplitudes to be more efficient and accurate. Second, we will develop a hybrid approach to image seismic velocity structures at the highest resolution. Instead of conducting seismic tomography using a homogeneous data type, we plan to combine constraints from both ambient seismic noise correlation and earthquakes. Other hybrid approaches include using data from both ocean-bottom-seismographs and land-based stations for offshore regions, and using data from both regional networks and dense arrays. Finally, we plan to design an efficient grid moment-tensor inversion method to study the source characteristics of episodic tremor and slip (ETS) events and earthquakes in remote regions such as the Arctic North. The requested funding is exclusively for the support of graduate students to conduct the proposed research activities under the collaboration framework between the University of Victoria and Geological Survey of Canada.

地震分析是研究构造和自然危害研究（例如，主要地震和滑坡）的关键工具。在加拿大，地震仪站的密度和分布从一个地区到另一个区域的差异很大，许多地方覆盖不足。由于地震网络的全国范围密度化是不现实的，并且是禁止的，因此在地震分析中采用创新的方法成为增强数据解决方案的最实际和最有效的方法。在此提案中，我们计划开发新的算法，以解决大多数传统方法失败的各种具有挑战性的问题。首先，我们将根据成功的源扫描算法设计一种新方法，以精确定位地震来源，而无需在不同站点进行相同阶段的相同阶段和正确关联。这种新方法将包括来自瞬时粒子运动，多个阶段和波形幅度的额外信息，以更有效和准确。其次，我们将开发一种混合方法，以最高分辨率的形象地震速度结构。我们计划结合环境地震噪声相关和地震的约束，而不是使用均匀的数据类型进行地震层析成像。其他混合方法包括使用海洋底部观看仪和陆基站的数据用于离岸区域，以及使用区域网络和密集阵列的数据。最后，我们计划设计一种有效的网格力矩调整方法，以研究偏远地区（例如北极北部）的情节震颤和滑移（ETS）事件和地震的源特征。要求的资金专门用于研究生的支持，以在维多利亚大学和加拿大地质调查局之间的协作框架下进行拟议的研究活动。