Smart adaptive distribution systems for the new smart grid

智能电网电力系统正在全球范围内加速部署。目前，全球已安装了约2亿只智能电表，其中4000万只在北美。该行业及其股东面临的下一个重大挑战是开发能够证明这一投资合理的应用程序。虽然智能电表、太阳能和风能发电、智能能源系统、微电网和电动汽车的部署正在客户层面进行，但作为电力公用事业和新的智能电网系统之间的直接接口的配电系统基本保持不变。 据主要能源系统智库估计，电网发展的下一个主要步骤将是配电系统自动化(DA)与先进计量基础设施(AMI)的集成。该项目的目标是开发变电站和馈线级别的配电系统自动化工具，以提高这些系统的复杂程度，以满足客户级智能能源系统的要求。 该项目侧重于馈线侧管理(FSM)，以平衡各个馈线的负载和备用容量要求。尽管需求侧管理(DSM)有助于在客户层面上拉平需求曲线，但FSM通过取消多个馈线之间的负荷承担责任，可以显著节省系统容量成本。 为了适应高峰负荷，并在故障期间保持供电的连续性，配电馈线目前有很大的容量冗余价值。该项目将使用智能电表在客户和馈线级别提供的大量数据来开发新的负载动态和负载预测模型，这些模型与馈线重新配置策略相结合，可以显著减少所需的馈线备用容量。预计部署这些技术将在配电系统、变电站和馈线投资方面节省大量资金。

Smart grid electrical systems are being deployed at an accelerated rate worldwide. About 200 million smart meters have been installed to this time worldwide, 40 million of them in North America. The next major challenge for the industry and its shareholders is to develop applications that can justify this investment. While the deployment of smart meters, solar and wind generation, smart energy systems, microgrids, and electrical vehicles is happening at the customer level, power distribution systems, which are the direct interface between the power utility and the new smart grid systems, remain basically unchanged. It is estimated by major energy systems think tanks that the next major step in the evolution of the power grid will be the integration of distribution systems automation (DA) with the advanced metering infrastructure (AMI). The goal of this project is to develop Distribution System Automation tools at substation and feeder levels that can increase the degree of sophistication of these systems to match the requirements of the customer-level smart energy systems. The project focuses on Feeder Side Management (FSM) to even out the load and spare capacity requirements of individual feeders. Even though Demand Side Management (DSM) can contribute to flatten the demand curve at the customer level, FSM can result in considerable savings in system capacity costs by evening out the load carrying responsibility among multiple feeders. To accommodate for peak load values and maintain continuity of supply during faults, distribution feeders at present have a large value of capacity redundancy. This project will use the vast amount of data that will be made available by smart meters at the customer and feeder levels to develop novel load dynamics and load forecasting models which, combined with feeder reconfiguration strategies, can considerably reduce the needed feeder spare capacity. It is expected that considerable savings in distribution system substation and feeder investments will result from the deployment of these technologies.