Towards a regional monitoring framework for cumulative impacts assessment in the Southern Gulf of St. Lawrence: monitoring fate and effects of agrichemicals

建立圣劳伦斯湾南部累积影响评估区域监测框架：监测农用化学品的命运和影响

• 批准号: 463277-2014
• 负责人: vandenHeuvel, Michael
• 金额: $ 15.99万
• 依托单位: University of Prince Edward Island
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Strategic Projects - Group
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=577039
• 关键词: Towards; regional; monitoring; framework; cumulative

Estuaries and coastal zones are under environmental pressures internationally due to urban development, agriculture, and climate change. In the Southern Gulf of St. Lawrence sediments, nutrients and contaminants from land have been observed to have significant adverse impacts on these environments. Foremost among high risk contaminants are pesticides that are highly toxic to invertebrates, particularly crustaceans such as lobster. The collapse of lobster populations in parts of the Northumberland Strait and changes to fish and invertebrate populations and the detection of pesticide residues in local estuaries provide strong preliminary evidence to support the hypothesis that pesticides may be exerting significant impacts on the nearshore marine environment in the Southern Gulf. Biological tools using ecologically and economically important crustacean invertebrates, namely lobster and amphipods, will be used to evaluate the sensitivity of these invertebrates to the pesticides of interest and to determine if estuarine sediments are toxic to those organisms. Field studies will be conducted to determine if other factors, in combination with, or other than pesticides, are influencing amphipods. In addition to pesticide and sediment toxicity, emerging molecular techniques will be developed for lobster in order to evaluate subtle sublethal effects of pesticides. This research will also develop rapid and economical chemical techniques to screen sediment for pesticides. Those new techniques, and other highly sensitive techniques, will be used to measure pesticides in sediments from the Northumberland Strait and estuaries bordering it in order to determine if chemical residues can be related to the biological results. In the course of the development of biological and chemical monitoring tools, the question of whether pesticides are having significant biological effects in the Northumberland Strait will be answered in addition to the development of practical techniques to monitor serious harm from contaminants in the region.

由于城市发展、农业和气候变化，河口和沿海地区在国际上面临着环境压力。在圣劳伦斯湾南部沉积物中，已观察到来自陆地的营养物和污染物对这些环境产生重大不利影响。高风险污染物中最主要的是对无脊椎动物，特别是龙虾等甲壳类动物具有高毒性的农药。诺森伯兰海峡部分地区龙虾种群的崩溃、鱼类和无脊椎动物种群的变化以及在当地河口检测到农药残留提供了强有力的初步证据，支持农药可能对南部海湾近岸海洋环境产生重大影响的假设。将使用具有生态和经济重要性的甲壳类无脊椎动物，即龙虾和端足类动物的生物工具，评估这些无脊椎动物对 感兴趣的农药，并确定河口沉积物是否对这些生物有毒。将进行实地研究，以确定是否有其他因素，结合或其他农药，影响端足类动物。除了农药和沉积物毒性外，还将为龙虾开发新兴的分子技术，以评估农药的微妙亚致死效应。这项研究还将开发快速和经济的化学技术，以筛选农药沉积物。这些新技术和其他高度敏感的技术将用于测量诺森伯兰海峡及其周边河口沉积物中的农药，以确定化学残留物是否与生物结果有关。在开发生物和化学监测工具的过程中，除了开发监测该区域污染物严重危害的实用技术外，还将回答农药是否对诺森伯兰海峡产生重大生物影响的问题。