Environmental Fate of Glyphosate After Japanese Knotweed Applications

日本鬼针草是一种高度入侵的多年生灌木，严重减少了生物多样性 在北美和欧洲，它们的竞争对手是本土物种。目前唯一有效的选择 可用于治疗结缕草的方法是将除草剂草甘膦注射到植物茎中。根据 政府规定，除草剂不能在水体十米范围内使用，但茎杆注射 使用草甘膦的结缕草可能发生在距离水体高水位一米的地方。这个 这项研究项目的目的将是确定茎注射中草甘膦的环境命运 重要三文鱼的应用以及是否会对生物多样性和栖息地造成破坏 不列颠哥伦比亚省沿海小溪的产卵区。 安德森小溪的虎杖林治疗计划于2015年秋季进行。生态毒理学 以及将在未经处理的部位和/或草甘膦茎注射前后测量的分析终点 治疗地点包括两个主要分析： 1)对采集到的样本进行底栖无脊椎动物多样性分析和比较 从处理地点和邻近的未处理的虎杖地点(所有收集的生物将被识别为 合理的最低分类水平)；以及 2)分析化学样本将从鱼类组织、土壤、沉积物、植物(虎杖)和 无脊椎动物调查草甘膦处理后的半衰期和在这些环境中的分配 隔室，并与草甘膦处理前样品和从现场收集的样品进行比较 在已知重复使用草甘膦的地方(如不列颠哥伦比亚省水电管理的土地)也将 已执行。

Japanese knotweed, Fallopia japonica, is a highly invasive, perennial shrub that severely reduces biodiversity and outcompetes native species across North America and Europe. Currently the only effective option available to treat knotweed involves the injection of the herbicide glyphosate into plant stems. According to government regulations herbicides cannot be used within ten metres of water bodies, however, stem injections of knotweed using glyphosate can occur up to one metre from the high water mark of the water body. The objective of this research project will be to determine the environmental fate of glyphosate from stem injection applications and whether there are damaging effects to the biodiversity and habitat of important salmon spawning areas in a coastal British Columbia stream. Treatments of knotweed stands at Anderson Creek are scheduled to occur in the fall of 2015. Ecotoxicological and analytical endpoints that will be measured at untreated sites and/or pre- and post-glyphosate stem injection treatment sites include two major analyses: 1) benthic macroinvertebrate diversity analysis will be conducted and compared between samples collected from the treatment site and at adjacent untreated knotweed sites (all organisms collected will be identified to the lowest reasonable taxonomic level); and, 2) analytical chemistry samples will collected from fish tissue, soil, sediment, plant (knotweed), and invertebrates to investigate the half-life and partitioning of glyphosate post-treatment into these environmental compartments, and comparisons to pre-glyphosate treatment samples and samples collected from locations where repeated applications of glyphosate are known to occur (e.g. BC Hydro managed lands) will also be performed.