District Energy Systems in Calgary: A Neighbourhood Scale Systems Analysis

卡尔加里市制定了雄心勃勃的温室气体（GHG）减排目标。一个短期 缓解行动的目标是实施热电联产系统。CHP 涉及从单一燃料如天然气同时产生电和有用的热。CHP 提供了比更传统的产生蒸汽和电力的方法更高的效率， 废热。这种效率提高导致消耗更少的燃料，从而降低GHG排放。 然而，热电联产的实际能量性能强烈地取决于 电力和供暖能源需求在一个给定的社区。这两种需求反过来又取决于 社区的特点，如建筑物的类型和方向以及当地的气候 条件这使得热电联产的评估非常复杂，并对其广泛采用构成障碍。 该项目为热电联产系统开发了一个评估框架，适用于新的和现有的系统。 发展理念该方法适用于能源建模工具，并在案例研究（曼彻斯特区）进行了测试 在卡尔加里）。评估框架包括技术性能、能源 需求、成本和环境影响。该框架将提供有关条件的见解， 在这些配置下，热电联产将以最低的成本实现最大的温室气体减排。这些 洞察力对于帮助ENMAX公司量化CHP相对于传统CHP的性能至关重要 为建筑物的供暖系统设计一个单独的系统，并为卡尔加里的热电联产系统开发一个强大的商业案例。

The City of Calgary has ambitious greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reductions targets. One short-term mitigation action being targeted is the implementation of combined heat and power (CHP) systems. CHP involves the simultaneous generation of electricity and useful heat from a single fuel such as natural gas. CHP provides improved efficiency over more traditional methods of generating steam and electricity by making use of waste heat. This efficiency gain leads to less fuel being consumed and therefore lower GHG emissions. However, the actual energy performance of CHP strongly depends on the magnitude and simultaneity of the electricity and heating energy demands in a given community. Both of these demands depend, in turn, on the characteristics of the community such as the types and orientation of buildings as well as local climatic conditions. This makes the assessment of CHP very complex, and poses a barrier to its widespread adoption. This project develops an assessment framework for CHP systems that is applicable to both new and existing developments. The method applies energy modeling tools and is tested in a case study (the Manchester district in Calgary). The assessment framework includes the characterization of technical performance, energy demands, cost and environmental impacts. The framework will provide insights about the conditions and configurations under which CHP will deliver the largest GHG emissions reductions at lowest cost.These insights are critical to help ENMAX Corporation quantify the performance of CHP relative to conventional individual systems for heating in buildings, and develop a robust business case for CHP systems in Calgary.