Turbulent oceans and atmospheres of the rotating planets

旋转行星的湍流海洋和大气层

• 批准号: RGPIN-2014-03708
• 负责人: Afanassiev, Iakov
• 金额: $ 2.19万
• 依托单位: Memorial University of Newfoundland
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=587371
• 关键词: Turbulent; oceans; atmospheres; rotating; planets

Have you ever wondered why climate is extremely difficult to predict? One of the major reasons is that the components of the climate system such as the Earth's oceans and atmosphere are nonlinear and inherently chaotic. The overall goal of my research program is to better understand the dynamical processes that govern the nonlinear behavior of the stratified and rotating fluids that comprise the oceans and atmosphere. The same processes are often relevant for atmospheres of other planets including gas giants Jupiter and Saturn. This study will enhance our capability to predict the dynamics and evolution of these complex nonlinear fluid dynamical systems. The oceans and atmosphere have a general large-scale circulation, and yet are rich with flow fields and density fields of much smaller scale. The flows are turbulent and contain eddies in abundance. The eddies interact with planetary-scale (Rosby) waves which are due to rotation and curvature of the planet. These motions influence biological production, mixing, and dissipation of momentum in the ocean but the details of their dynamics including their sources and life-cycle are yet to be fully understood. This research program focuses on the production of jet-like currents, eddies and Rossby waves. Our approach combines theory, numerical simulations and laboratory experiments. We use a new laboratory technique that we developed to remotely measure pressure, velocity and vorticity in a rotating fluid. We call this technique 'Altimetric Imaging Velocimetry' and it is not unlike satellite altimetry which revolutionized physical oceanography with the launch of the first satellite altimeters in the early 1990s. Laboratory altimetry provides high resolution velocity field such that laboratory experiments equal or exceed current 3D numerical models in detailed rendering of the flow. The results of the research using this method will be of great interest for communities involved in addressing 'spontaneous imbalance' or 'jets and annular structures in geophysical fluid dynamics' who are working to include non-geostrophic dynamics in what traditionally have been quasi-geostrophic idealizations of ocean and atmosphere. This technique, that we have developed and are continuing to explore and apply, enables cutting edge research here in Canada. This research will yield new results on and understanding of nonlinear dynamics of turbulent oceans and atmosphere.

你有没有想过为什么气候是非常难以预测的？其中一个主要原因是，气候系统的组成部分，如地球的海洋和大气是非线性的，本质上是混乱的。我的研究计划的总体目标是更好地了解动力学过程，管理的分层和旋转的流体，包括海洋和大气的非线性行为。同样的过程通常与其他行星的大气层有关，包括气体巨星木星和土星。这项研究将提高我们预测这些复杂的非线性流体动力系统的动力学和演化的能力。 海洋和大气有一个大尺度的环流，但也有许多小得多的流场和密度场。流动是湍流的，并含有大量的漩涡。涡旋与行星尺度（Rosby）波相互作用，这是由于行星的旋转和曲率。这些运动影响生物的生产，混合，并在海洋中的动量耗散，但其动力学的细节，包括其来源和生命周期尚未得到充分理解。该研究计划的重点是生产喷流，涡流和Rossby波。我们的方法结合了理论，数值模拟和实验室实验。我们使用一种新的实验室技术，我们开发远程测量压力，速度和旋转流体中的涡度。 我们称这种技术为“高度成像测速”，它与20世纪90年代初发射的第一颗卫星高度计彻底改变了物理海洋学的卫星高度测量没有什么不同。实验室测高提供了高分辨率的速度场，使得实验室实验在详细绘制流场方面等于或超过当前的3D数值模型。使用这种方法的研究结果将是非常感兴趣的社区参与解决“自发的不平衡”或“射流和环形结构的地球物理流体动力学”谁正在努力包括非地转动力学在传统上一直是准地转理想化的海洋和大气。我们已经开发并正在继续探索和应用的这项技术，使加拿大的尖端研究成为可能。这一研究成果将对湍流海洋和大气的非线性动力学产生新的认识。