Blood Flows and Blood-Vessel Interactions in the Microcirculation

血液的重要性怎么强调都不为过。血液在体内不断循环，发挥着许多重要的生物功能，包括向组织提供氧气和营养，清除代谢废物；白细胞、抗体和血小板的循环，用于免疫和自我修复；调节身体的pH值和温度。这些血液功能主要是在微血管和毛细血管组成的微血管网络中完成的。在基础研究和临床观察中，显微镜下异常的血流行为往往与各种疾病和失调有关，如心脏病、高血压、糖尿病、癌症、疟疾、贫血、动脉粥样硬化等。

The importance of blood can never be overemphasized. Continuously circulating through the body, blood performs many crucial biological functions, including supply of oxygen and nutrients to and removal of metabolic wastes from tissues; circulation of white blood cells, antibodies and platelets for immunization and self-repair; and regulation of body pH and temperature. These blood functions are mainly accomplished in the microvascular network composed of microvessels and capillaries. As observed in fundamental studies and clinical observations, abnormal microscopic blood flow behaviors are often associated with various diseases and disorders, such as heart diseases, hypertension, diabetes, cancers, malaria, anemia, and atherosclerosis.