Advanced Fundamental Studies on Supercritical Fluids

超临界流体(SCF)是压力高于临界压力的流体。超临界流体纤维具有一系列独特的特性，如比热峰、导热系数和热膨胀系数；零表面张力；高扩散率和可压缩性；这些特性使其成为各种工业和实验室应用的理想选择。 应用超临界流体需要了解其热物理性质和行为的基本原理。在临界压力和超临界压力(SCP)下，流体被认为是单相物质，尽管在临界和准临界区域内，所有的热物理性质都经历了显着的变化。在接近临界点时，这些变化是戏剧性的。在假临界点附近，随着压力的增加，这些变化变得不那么明显。

SuperCritical Fluids (SCFs) are fluids at pressures above critical pressure. SCFs exhibit a unique set of properties like peaks in specific heat, thermal conductivity and coefficient of thermal expansion; zero surface tension; high diffusivity and compressibility; which make them ideal for use in a variety of industrial and laboratory applications. The application of SCFs requires an understanding of the fundamentals of their thermophysical properties and behavior. At critical and SC Pressures (SCPs) a fluid is considered a single-phase substance despite the fact that all thermophysical properties undergo significant variations within the critical and pseudocritical regions. Near the critical point, these changes are dramatic. In the vicinity of pseudocritical points with an increase in pressure, these changes become less pronounced.