Mechanisms of sex-specific reproductive timing and migratory movements in seasonal environments

来自地球各地的证据表明，气候制度正在发生变化，社会现在面临着一个问题：动物能否跟上环境变化的速度？在加拿大这样的季节性环境中，迁徙和繁殖的时机对动物的生殖适应性有很大影响。然而，最佳时机可能因性别而异，在多个空间和时间尺度上变化的环境中很难实现。为了准确预测种群的反应，我们需要加强对个体如何预测季节变化和对环境变化做出反应的理解。我们也不能再忽视迁徙和繁殖时机上的性别差异，因为个体对非生物和生物因素的反应可能会因性别而异。我的研究项目正在揭示影响雄性和雌性迁徙和繁殖事件的关键机制，以应对环境因素。我提议的研究将集中在两个脊椎动物群体上，它们是迁徙的，高度季节性的，并表现出特定性别的时间：太平洋鲑鱼和北美林莺。

Evidence from around the Earth indicates that climate regimes are shifting, and society now faces the question: can animals keep pace with the rate of environmental change? In seasonal environments like those of Canada, the timing of migration and reproduction strongly influences reproductive fitness in animals. Yet optimal timing can be sex-specific and difficult to achieve in environments that vary at multiple spatial and temporal scales. To predict responses of populations accurately, we need to strengthen our understanding of how individuals anticipate seasonal change and respond to environmental variability. We also can no longer ignore sex differences in the timing of migration and reproduction, because the way individuals respond to abiotic and biotic factors likely will be sex-specific. My research program is uncovering key mechanisms that influence how males and females time their migratory and reproductive events in response to environmental factors. My proposed research will focus on two vertebrate groups that are migratory, highly seasonal, and exhibit sex-specific timing: Pacific salmon and North American warblers.