Implicit and explicit motor learning in children and adults who stutter

口吃儿童和成人的内隐和外显运动学习

• 批准号: RGPIN-2015-05869
• 负责人: DeNil, Luc
• 金额: $ 1.75万
• 依托单位: University of Toronto
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=590688
• 关键词: Implicit; explicit; motor; learning; children

Developmental stuttering is a speech fluency disorder, which typically has its onset in pre-pubescent children. There is significant evidence that speech motor deficits are at the core of the disorder. These deficits, which likely are genetic and neural in nature, are considered fundamental to our understanding of the onset, development and recovery from stuttering. In our previous research, we have investigated the extent to which adults who stutter are deficient in their ability to acquire novel motor skills. Our results have demonstrated that these adults are less proficient than nonstuttering speakers acquiring new speech sequences, even after extensive practice. Early evidence of differences in skill consolidation between the stuttering and nonstuttering adults has suggested that this deficit may reflect both motor execution and motor learning processes. Importantly, our results also have shown clear parallels between deficient performance in both speech and non-speech (finger sequencing) motor skills, supporting the hypothesis that these deficiencies affecting people who stutter are not limited to speech articulation but may reflect a general motor deficit.

发育性口吃是一种言语流畅性障碍，通常发病于青春期前的儿童。有大量证据表明言语运动缺陷是该疾病的核心。这些缺陷本质上可能是遗传性和神经性的，被认为是我们理解口吃的发病、发展和恢复的基础。在我们之前的研究中，我们调查了口吃成年人在获得新运动技能的能力方面的缺陷程度。我们的结果表明，即使经过大量练习，这些成年人在掌握新的语音序列方面仍不如不口吃的说话者熟练。口吃和不口吃成年人之间技能巩固差异的早期证据表明，这种缺陷可能反映了运动执行和运动学习过程。重要的是，我们的结果还显示出言语和非言语（手指排序）运动技能缺陷之间存在明显的相似之处，支持了以下假设：影响口吃者的这些缺陷不仅限于言语清晰度，还可能反映了一般运动缺陷。